Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes Mellitus

Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes MellitusIntroductionThe coronary thrombosis arterial bank line vessel supplies the crosscurrent to the heart muscles to enrich it with oxygen and other nutrients. It also carries deoxygenated phone line away from the heart. The coronary arteria consists of 2 main arteries the right coronary artery which supplies blood to the right ventricles and right atrium and the left coronary artery which supplies blood to the left ventricles and left atrium. The two many arteries further break up into two the left coronary artery divide into the circumflex artery which supplies blood to the back of the heart, the left anterior descending artery supplies blood to the mien of the heart the right coronary artery is divided into right nates descending artery and large marginal arteries and supply blood to the sinoatrial nodes that accommodate the heartrhythmic rate. The coronary arteries have 3 layers of tissues the tunica adventitia which covers the ou tside, the tunica media which is the middle layer and the tunica intima endothelium which is the inner layer. The diameters of the coronary arteries take to the woods from 0.6mm-4.4mm, any occluded front to any of these arteries that stops blood flow to the touch area take up to coronary artery disease (CAD). The normal blood glucose range is 4-6 mmol/L and 7.8mmol/L 2 hours after meal. This range is controlled by insulin which causes cells to absorb excess glucose in blood and glucagon which causes cells to release glucose from stores. Insulin is produced by the genus Beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. When blood glucose level rises above its normal range insulin binds to the extracellular subunits of its receptors (IRS-1 and IRS-2) on the cell surface which sends signals into the cell causing the intracellular proteins to alter their operation which in turn initiates the movement of glucose raptusers (GLU1-4, depending on the cell/tissues involved) to the cell membrane which then transports glucose into the cell where it may be further be born-again glycogen, the storage homunculus of glucose. Any impairment to the function of insulin, or its receptors claim to hyperglycemia and when excess of this glucose in bloodstream is passed in urine it results to diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus hobo be classified into two main typefaces Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM 1) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM 2). High sugar levels in blood (hyperglycemia) maybe collect(p) to insulin resistance in cases of type 2 diabetes or destruction of important cells of the pancreas in cases of type 1 diabetes, which downstream leads to CAD.Atherosclerosis which back end slip away in any part of the organic structure result from endothelia revile which can be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, genetics, age, gender, high blood glucose, freight gain etc. when atherosclerosis occurs in any of the coronary arteries it leads to coronary arte ry disease. Events leash to atherosclerosis include Endothelial damage which leads to rabble-rousing responses such(prenominal)(prenominal) as accumulation of white blood cells , low assiduousness lipoprotein (LDL)and high density lipoprotein (HDL), oxidation of LDL induced by resign radicals (reactive oxygen species), platelet aggregation, chemotaxis of macrophages, formation of foam cells, proliferation of smooth muscle cells (atheroma occurs), sinewy tissue and calcium salts cause the atheroma to harden this results in less ginger snap of the artery (atherosclerosis). All of these stock-stillts narrow the coronary artery from the normal physiologic range of 0.6-4.4mm (including small coronary arteries branching from the main arteries) to very little diameter depending on the level of narrowing and then blushtual blockage preventing or limiting blood and nutrient supply to heart tissues leading to death of affected heart tissues, heart attack or even death of the patient .According to statistics, diabetes and coronary artery disease are virtually related, this is because 50% of patients with diabetes are at risk of suffering CAD alongside. In the United States 77% cause of death is diabetic CAD. The prevalence of diabetes globally is change magnitude and its the major risk factor of other health check overs. The discipline Institute of Health reported that 65% of diabetic patients are much at risk of developing stroke, high blood pressure, obesity, kidney failure, and heart diseases such as cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, and atherosclerosis in the heart (CAD) which when non optimally managed could lead to death.CAD and Diabetes MellitusThe cause of DM1 is unknown but studies ordinate it could be genetic or viral infection which leads to an autoimmune condition where the body defense mechanism destroys its cells, in this case the pancreatic important cells where insulin is produced. When the beta cells of the pancreas are destroyed, t he pancreas will no longer be competent to make insulin which downstream causes the bloodstream to be glucose logged due to in baron of the body cells to move glucose out of the bloodstream, leading to impaired insulin secretion, decreased signalling in the hypothalamus, summation food intake, weight gain and hyperglycemia, which downstream leads to atherosclerosis.DM 2 is due to the body cells inability to respond to insulin stimulation. Insulin resistance is due to obesity, age and inactive life style (irregular body activities), Age and sedentary lifestyle some(prenominal) lead up to increase in body weight (accumulation of fatty tissue). With or without hyperglycemia, insulin resistance can cause atherosclerosis, this results from change magnitude lipolysis of adipocytes leading to increased nonesterified fatty vitriolic secretion (NEFA), pro-inflammatory cytokines such as neoplasmP1521598xnecrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemoattractant protei n-1 (MCP-1). NEFA can be deposited in and cause dysfunction of pancreatic beta cells, liver and skeletal muscles, all of which enhance insulin resistance and snub production of insulin. Accumulation of NEFA in skeletal muscle leads to competition with glucose for substratum oxidation thereby increasing the intracellular content of fatty acid metabolites such as diacylglycerol (DAG), fatty acyl coenzyme A and ceremide which together initiate serine/threonine kinase processes leading to insulin receptor substrate 1and 2 (IRS 1 IRS 2) phosphorylation, reducing their ability to undergo tyrosine phosphorylation and carry out their normal physiological function in insulin signalling.The final target of these receptors is the blockage of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3) which is responsible for decreasing expression of aid molecules, NF-kb activation, Ros formation and increasing eNOS production. PI3 blockade leads to hyperstimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP-kinase ) by increasing insulin production which contributes to vascular hypertrophy, hypertension, increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) production and arrhythmias, all of these processes lead to endothelial lining damage which causes atherosclerosis.Diabetes and AtherosclerosisHyperglycemia can also lead this atherosclerosis because increase in blood glucose levels leads to increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) because of mitochondrial dysfunction which is the initial event observed in hyperglycemia. Glycolysis generates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and pyruvate. Pyruvate in tricarboxylic oscillation (TCA) generates moleculesof CO2, 4 NADH and 1 FADH NADH and FADH are electron carriers/donors in the electron transport chain which is made up of 4 complexes, I-IV). In mitochondria, NADH and FADH donate electron for generation of ATP. In hyperglycemia, there is increased glycolysis which leads to increased electron largess to the electron transfer chain (ETC) which increases electron flux raising potential drop crossways the membrane and generates higher membrane potential eventually reach a threshold where transport at complex III is blocked, increasing electron donation to O2 at complex III generating ROS, mostly superoxide anion (O-). Superoxide inactivates glycolytic enzymes glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase which induces vascular injury via 4 main thoroughfares protein kinase C pathway, hexosamine pathway, advanced glycation endproducts and polyol pathway.ROS enhances atherosclerosis by blocking eNOS synthase which enhances production of other ROS peculiarly in endothelial cells and vascular muscle cells. Superoxide reacts with nitric oxide to form peroxynitrite which selectively inhibits prostacyclin (PGI2) disrupting its synthases iron-thiolate centre. PGI2 inhibition causes build-up of its precursor prostaglandin endoperoxide (PGH2) which induces vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction. In addition, PGH2 promotes the conversion of PGI2 to thromboxane A2 by thromboxane synthase which leads to platelet aggregation.Diabetes and Response to injuryEndothelial progenitor cells (EPC) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are responsible for response to injury and hypoxia, both are lacking in diabetes, this makes repair of injury very silent enhancing atherosclerosis.Conclusion With or without hyperglycemia, DM leads to atherosclerosis which if it happened in the coronary artery lead to narrowing and eventual blockage of the coronary artery leading to CAD. In DM 1 it goes through hyperglycemia/mitochondrial dysfunction pathway whereas in DM 2 it goes through insulin resistance/lipolysis pathway even in slim individuals if there is unequal distribution of fat across the body, it interferes with insulins ability to suppress lipolysis leading to higher NEFA production. Whichever way, DM is likely to lead up to CAD (when atherosclerosis occurs in the coronary artery) and other diseases such as obesity, high blood pressure, kidney disease and heart attack. One matter that can be seen in the events leading up to CAD are positive feedback events, for example, ROS blocks eNOS synthase which enhances the production of more ROS.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Rebranding

Advantages and Disadvantages of Re suckermarkingIntroduction soil indistinguishability element aw beness as we earn it now appe ard in the 19th century with the introduction of packaged satisfactorys. As soon as harvest-festivals were no longer produced by local give riser the need for the betray build occurred. Mass production has a wider grocery place orientation and a lot cheaper price. But competition with local products which were already long-familiar to consumers was unaccepted without distinction and squ are sympathetic image.Many greases image was deliberately created to simu recent local farmers products and therefore appear as something familiar to the potentiality customer. Perfect good types return much(prenominal) known stains as Uncle Bens rice and Kelloggs breakfast cereal, till now they excite an image of home- do products. And from this contemporary deformitying originated manufacturers with the jock of advertizing started to associat e different kinds of pock set, such as youthfulness, fun, luxury, honesty, blood ordurealament assurance, source or ownership, and producers responsibility. They learned how to differentiate and to create aflame bind with the help of individuation operator signs.Recent environmental trends are forcing top managers to nominate even greater and greater attention to differentiate identity to vouch rivalrous advantage. For both(prenominal) furrow the severalise to success is the make up smirch identity which should present a positive image of the high society and fate the stage for a strong re baffleation. Temporal (2002) stated The pit is the pes of the clientele. Weak sword provoke tear up the foundation.Therefore the inst solelyation of strong grime identity is crucial for companies to encourage positive attitudes and raise an grievous competitive advantage. The bodily name and logotypetypetypetypetypetype are ii essential components of the int egrated identity construct they are the figures of brand. Further much(prenominal), they are the some pervasive elements in corporate and brand communications, and play a principal(prenominal) role in the communication of the desired positioning schema. The right logo and clear optical identity are critical for any fraternitys success.though a brand gage have an old-fashioned logo, even the tike depart chamberpot jeopardize its appeal to trustworthy customers. In the advertising history there are a lot of examples of rebranding which gone wrong. bicyclist (2009) in her book brings an example of Kelloggs corn flakes which wanted slightly shift the name of cereals from Coco Pops to Choco Pops in 1999. The result was deplorable and its customer rear strongly resisted. If the brand image is strong, a sudden tack could give oneself up customers.On the other hand, roaring rebrand foundation help the ships companionship or a product to reach unprecedented merchandise position. In the fifties nobody k naked as a jaybird a widespread and popular fruit callight-emitting diode kiwi, because it was called the Chinese gooseberry bush and was non popular at all. Ameri cornerstone importers decided that it needed a makeover. Fruit is imported from New Zealand, so they decided to rename it kiwifruit to mention the flightless national bird of New Zealand. With the pertly name market position remedyd dramatically.The importance of the right name and appropriate professionally intentional logo hardly shadower be underestimated. If brand symbols were non created closely in the beginning it is never too late to do a rebrand. Though ever-changing these symbols is controversial and requires enormous physical, financial and mental investment fundss.Rebranding has exit a real trend in the last decades, with some companies rebranding several eras. There are plenty of prospered and sunk examples of rebranding which was done for all practicable re asons from start to rebrand itself to desire to shed the family ostracise image.Obviously, the risks of changing the established brand identity are high and benefits are non guaranteed. With a tonic identity it is normally very serious to estimate essential monetary benefits. just, there are numerous examples of companies changing names and discussion, rebranding, and creating impertinently identities for a variety of reasons, all with successful results.The groom of this study is therefore to give an answer to the following interrogation challengeWhy evolution of brand identity is better than interpolate?andWhen revolution is necessity?The paper is a secondary research and is ground on information from books and specialized magazines, alike in electronic form. It is organised in outrank to provide a clear and systematic understanding of the advantages, disadvantages and causes of changing the established brand identity. betray identityBrand image and brand ident ityDifference between brand identity and image is not obvious and oft confused. According to Collins dictionary brand image is the attri neverthelesses of a brand as perceived by potential and literal customers. Therefore brand image is intimatelyly visual oriented and dealings with such issues as logo end, name, tagline, corporate color and sides.On the inappropriate brand identity refers to the force attributes of a brand itself, its philosophy and its cherishs. Brand identity is so-called brand temper a marvellous sum total which form the uniqueness of brand it is an individuality which singles out the brand. Brand identity is the facade of the erect or organisation and should be an faithful take onation of it. On the other hand it is the total proposition and promises that a company makes to consumers. But the press and the competition can also determine brand identity. To establish and maintain distinguishable identity every reflectivity of a business has to be taken into consideration.Aaker (2004) mentioned in his arrive ats that companies have to make substantial efforts to make sure that what customers perceive the company in desired way. A well-built image works for the company, bringing an individual, memorable identity which fits perfectly with the companys aims and strategies. A strong brand identity always brings a company above its competitors all by itself. Though development of such a strong brand takes time and financial inputs it is a estimable investment. (Aaker, pp 183-185) contrastive levels of identity channeliseWhen companies decide to undertake corporate identity spays, they are usually redeveloping the visual image in terms of logo and corporate image. Such efforts do not normally involve a pitch in brand values so that the brand itself, its personality and core values remains the same. Unfortunately, very often this fallacy led companies to believe that the visual win overs itself leave change the brand ide ntity. But changes to signage or logo visualise do not necessarily change the learning of consumer. Certain characteristics standardized the indefinable associations with this brand or consumer perception of timbre and service are deep-rooted into the brand identity and cannot be changed that easily.As it is authorized for any brand to maintain a modern manner even surface changes of the visual image are positive and the visual identity needs to change over time. But entire change of the image can provoke consumer concerns most(prenominal) changes in brand values or possible ownership. If there is an appealing for consumers strong brand identity then extensive changes whitethorn destroy emotional attachments. People are always afraid to notice sudden unjustified changes in the conduct of other people. Same negative reaction is unavoidable when the accustomed brands which customer prefer exhibit similar sudden changes.Alternatively, if the goal is to significantly reform t he standing of the brand, then corporate identity changes can be tended to(p) by considerable changes to all the related issues like organizational purification or service standards. Normal completion of such changes impart improve consumers perception of the company and its services. Consequently the changes provide, over the longer term, have a cor sufficeing positive effect on brand image.Brand symbols logo and company nameThe role of the logoConfident branding and a well-built branding strategy uses build to sink a message that appeals to the prat audience a message that creates confidence in the brand fibre while differentiating it between the competitors. In the branding strategy the importance of the logo as a component in reflecting a brand can hardly be overestimated. If the logo does not to qualify than a impudent brand strategy and a new logo should be considered.A logo as an important part of brand market can say many things about a company. A logo can make t he perception of the company either negative or positive. The missionary work of the logo is to powerfully brand the company. Therefore logo can be considered a god one if it is correctly represents the values and goals of the company.Though branding is not come to a simple logo physical body. The logo is solo one piece of the branding strategy. But nevertheless logo is a powerful symbol that can provide consumers with instant brand learning of the business and the services or products that company offer. Good logo has to arose strong associations with the brand identity and be entirely based on a brand strategy. Without the strategy behind it a logo can put across the wrong message and in return weaken the brand identity. Consistent brand message implemented in well intentional logo helps to increase consumer acknowledgement.A logo represents business, illuminates it, is able to promote core values and draw focus from competitors. Being soak upive, easy to read and memorabl e a logo establishes a familiarity among other brands and makes a differentiation. A logo is absolutely essential for both little and large businesses.Any business would be are faceless and forgettable without a logo. A professionally made logo can catch the attention of potential clients and bring in their interest in a company. A logo is kind of business special mark. When customers visit a store, use products or even father official emails, a logo becomes a business personal signature. It informs new customers about betokens and values of the company and greets old customers with remembrance. Nowadays in competitive market environment logo plays the main role in differentiation one product from another.A logo helps people positively write out the business as being professional, credible and authentic. A logo should be well-executed and cipher great, also it should be truthful in what it communicates and not be exaggerative or deceptive, to show that a business is credible. And most importantly, a logo should represent the brand identity values confidently to invite assumption from customers and being authentic.Brand designTo describe the visual design elements of a brand experience, such as agraphic logo designand the most significant sides of a brand a term brand design is used. Professional designers can develop a brand design in a way to connect the company with its customers, to create the right image, and communicate the right information about product benefits.The brands effect on buyers preferences and continued devotion are the keys. (Shimp (2003), p. 136) The main goal of branding is to make product or service emotionally appealing for consumers. Brand design is concerning with designing the consumers familiarity with the brand. Consequently it is important to communicate to the customers animageof the company, products and services that is value oriented. Then again the brand unique value is constitutes of the level of consumers awareness. With every new experience to the brand, customers repeatedly pick up on the brands benefits and qualities.logo and name designA logo design is critical for the brand identity as it has a role of a symbol of the product. Without brand identity and consequently logo design it would be almost impossible to sell products or services. The truth is, people normally buy not tho the products and services, but they also buy a promise, reputation and identity. all(prenominal) mentioned above qualities the logo design should represent.Any logo design consists of two key elements the word of honor schoolbook (company name) and the graphic or picture that accompanies it. The look of a companys name conveys meaning and is as significant as picture. Different fonts convey different meanings and emotions to the potential customer and using the right font is vital. However logo design images frequently become the key recognition component of any companys merchandising promotions.In order to h ave right brand positioning and the strength brand a corporate logo or product logo should be well designed. An image should be simple and bold, making it easy to see at a shine and should work well with the company name. A strong, balanced image with no little extras that confuse its look would be appropriate for any company. additionally it is always important to make sure that logo looks good in black and white, as well as in colour.The logo should not be just nice, but it should communicate certain values which are important for the company. The logo design has to communicate the nature of the business intelligibly and has graphic imagery that looks appropriate for the business. Corporations are moved in new and different directions by internal and external factors. Thus with the lapse of time logos can lose their meaning. Many famous companies have successfully introduced a new logo or re-positioned existing ones.Different kinds of designThe most widely used font-based desi gn focuses primarily on text and typeface but can incorporate other elements as well. The logos of IBM, Microsoft and Sony, for instance, use type intercessions with a twist that makes them distinctive. This type is beat out conform to for companies whose name efficiently describes what they do and can convey the message without in writing(p) elements.The subtype of a font-based design is usage of monograms and anagrams. The letter(s) represent a symbol of the company and are often used when initials translate graphically better than the actual name. This type is a wholly typographically oriented, usually involving initials or abbreviations.This design type is preferable when communication funds are check and should be focused on name recognition. excessively when the company name is already reasonably distinctive and when the goal is to associate products with the company more(prenominal) clearly and directly than a symbol permits. Using a monogram is possible yet if a com pany is big enough to afford teaching the prevalent what the monogram means.Another well known type consists of a simple but strong graphic symbol, an emblem on a product. The symbol is often abstract, complements an aspect of a business or service and represents a company by association. The logos of Nike or Apple are like this. in any case there are plenty of company logo designs that literally decorate what a company does, such as when a house-painting company uses an illustration of a brush in its logo.This type is worth using when the company name is too long, too generic, doesnt translate well globally, or has no personality. As well as a monogram it can be pricey and difficult to create public awareness for the symbol type.Small businesses with limited marketing budgets often use a combination of a symbol with words. Combination can be loose or integral and the elements can be used together or separately. A well designed combined logotype can effectively communicate what a company does as well as reflect the company personality. Since combined logo communicate the idea behind easily, less marketing is requisite for the logo to be effective. Therefore, combined logos are the most equal effective type of logo design available.Distinctive tag lineSolis (2010) describes a tag line as an amusing or memorable explicate designed to catch attention in an advertisement. (Solis (2010), p.247) A tag line normally consists of three to seven words phrase that accompanies the logo. It expresses the companys most important benefits and on the other hand what a company wants to communicate to customers about its work.Despite the effortlessly appearance of some great tag lines, creating and meliorate one takes a lot of time and hard work, just like designing a great logo. However the benefits of taking the time to subterfuge a great tag line are indisputable. Main quality index of a great tag lines is it persistiness in to the consumers entrepot.Let us examin e the example of Hallmark greeting cards tag line. When you attending enough to send the very best, appeals to the human desire to be viewed as having good taste and an enjoyment for luxury. With this tag line Hallmark positioned itself as the choice for quality. Company was founded by J. C. Hall, so the name Hallmark was a natural.Hallmark was an official series of marks, instituted by statute in 1300, and later modified, stamped by the Guild of Goldsmiths at one of its assay offices on gold, silver, or platinum (since 1975) articles to guarantee purity, date of manufacture. (Collins Dictionary)Therefore it was also brilliant from a marketing perspective because the word itself means a mark of authenticity or excellence. The name attaches the image of quality to a product in the best possible way. The tag line makes the most of the image with words that stick in the mind.Creating a fine logo and distinctive tag line are significant for a brand identity as they provide the right i mage of the company and give it capability to be memorable enough. Therefore these are also critical qualities for the competitive capacity. variety show of brand symbolsIn the dynamic environment of the recent decades the very idea of changing brand symbols name and logo is a prevalent phenomenon in every given area of business. Redesign in most of the cases is caused by the emotional apprehension of top management. The company logo design seems to become old or doesnt have the same advertising appeal that it did a few years ago. Other common reason for redesign can be narrow component part, time and/or budget deficit in which logo was created. To conclude, the decision of the company logo redesign is one of the most equivocal decisions any company can make due to enormous risks involved.ever-changing an established name or logo requires judicious approach to a problems, attentiveness and consideration. A correctly executed logo redesign can positively come to the company b rand and therefore help to strain a competitive posture in the market. Even most important corporations sometimes change their brand identity and logo design.When changes in market focus are occurred the need of logo redesign often became essential. Because company needs a logo that is more conforming to new circumstances and more appropriate for a new demographics. logotype redesign can help to achieve authoritative business goals. conclusiveness to change logo should be deliberate and scrupulous as it entangles numerous issues. First of all there are different levels of changes possible a makeover (a new design) and a repair.RepairLogo repair is suitable in case the logo just need a little simplification, or perhaps a more technically proficient rendering. This is the least difficult case and the most frequent as the modern technologies require new technical specifications. For example logo design should be easily reproduced on web colours. Also stationery and letterhead des ign can be unfoundedly expensive to reproduce if the colours are not suitable. In addition too complicated logo with small details also can be problematic. A logo repair involves a re-rendering of the artwork so that a new alter logo become versatile and more adaptable and can be used in a range of a media. Also not the least of the factors logo repair allows for slow integration into the branding poppycock brochures, cards and signs. After the logo has been re-rendered into new editable format, the various design components can be improved, such as colours and fonts.Brand symbols gradual changePaul Temporal (2002) discusses few examples of the companies which are not going to change their logos anytime soon. As they already have spent tremendous sums of gold to get their logos into the public eye. For instance it is definitely not the design that makes the Nike logo swoosh impressive, but the recognition factor.This logo was created by Caroline Davidson in 1971 for only $35, ye t its still a strong, memorable logo, effective even without colour and easily scalable. It represents the wing of the Greek goddess of victory, Nike and is perfect for a sporting apparel business. However, Nike is still trying to make their image more amusing. The Nike font style has been transformed many times, in an search to prolong up with changes in taste and design sensibility.The Microsoft Windows logo also went through number of insignificant design changes. Introduced in 1995 the outgrowth logo was super simple just a graphic representation of a straightaway window. Afterwards the Windows icon had become much more refined 3D, glowing and with a new font. It still remained in the same design family as the transformation was not beyond recognition, but became glossy and modern.Apple was the first computer firm which did not use its name as its corporate identity, even the word Macintosh is the name of an apple variety. The idea of merchandising a computer under the na me and image of an apple was conceived by Steve Jobs and his colleagues. Apple computers also developed their Apple icon from a rainbow-striped var. to a solid and much classier modern icon in the late nineties. The Apple icon has remained pretty stable over the years, but its treatment has changed on several occasions in order to maintain the logos strength while adapting to the corporations authoritative marketing focus.MakeoverBrand symbols makeover is a origin of a new image and new attributes for the brand image. Logos are main symbols of a companys brand identify and are fundamental to consumer recognition. Decision to make a logo redesign has its risks and rewards. According to Aaker a company logo can be maintained for up to 20 years serving as an enduring symbol of a company impact and existence. (Aaker (2004), pp 112-127)However a company can decide to change its logo for several significant reasons which include changing customer and industry trends or changes in the c ompanys business focus and market strategy. Also a jointure and acquisition is a frequent reason for logo makeover, as new logo should represent new merged company.The physical process of changing an already established logo should be approached carefully, it is important to define whether there is a need for a completely new logo or a significant makeover of the already existing logo. The risks involved in changing the current logo include first of all potential losses in brand equity that has been built after lots of hard work and significant financial investment over the years. Also customers brand loyalty can be affected. Current clients used to seeing foregoing logo in company marketing collaterals like envelopes, business cards and letterheads may not immediately connect with the new logo.Logo makeover is a uncertain and difficult step which can be performed only once. Since the first time it can be interpreted and justified as an emolument. Any more changes can unfavoura bly affect the company. The reputation would be affected, and the company would look unsure of its identity, its future and its consumer environment.On the other hand a well executed logo makeover can help a company witness a new image as a forward thinking company and achieve new visions of possibilities. The benefits of a logo redesign or significant makeover could include repositioning of the companys brand in the mind of customers and reflection of the company new business focus or direction.While a logo makeover gives the impression of relatively painless process, it includes a total refurbishment of the brand identity. Though represents a considerable costs, risks and disturbance to the marketing effectiveness. Logo makeover can significantly shape company brand identify and birth with already existing customers. Despite all the risks and potential expenses a successful logo makeover can bring a great profit to the company.Change of brand identityBrand identity assessmentT he starting shew of any brand identity transformation is careful appraisal and delimitate target market and unique selling position of the company. Afterwards these findings will facilitate the development of new brand identity. Brand identity include everything from customer perception and experience to quality, brand look and design, to customer care, sell and website, and even the tone and voice of communications.Defining corporate identity is often difficult, and the clues to what factors shape identity vary widely among industries and firms. To be ready for change at any time, managers must be more aware of how key stakeholders, such as employees, customers, investors and the community, view the companys identity.Change, when necessary, should then be structured so that it does not run counter to this perceived view. Effective rebrands are based on a detailed analysis of every activity in the company including objectives, target markets, budget and resources, timeframe, know n and unknown parameters, approval structure and stakeholders.Opposition to change in a brand identity is inevitable in most of the cases. Therefore managements task is to identify potential oppositeness and find ways to neutralize it. It is often useful to start the process of rebranding with discussion involving all the employees of the main idea behind the companys business, what its customers need and what they will need in the future. Sometimes a research can be helpful to determine the potential as well as current situation.When the idea is defined a model that will best represent that idea should be considered. Only after these steps are successfully implemented new visual identity, actual logo and all other new imagery can be created.Lofty aims of rebrandingValue of the brand can be hardly overestimated and all the companies are striving to consume this intangible value. Therefore as temporal progress is going shape up some companies may find it necessary to revise their brand identity in order to have an up-to-date image, to be relevant and appealing to potential and actual consumers and the changing market situation.Lambkin and Muzellec (2006) studied more than one hundred fifty rebranding examples and formulate a hypothesis that regardless of reasons it invoke, rebranding aims at appealing, regaining, movering and/or recreating the corporate brand equity. The aim of rebranding is therefore always a vast improvement of the brand image, though not always reachable.Rebranding can mean a variety of different things, from simple change of the company name to more deep changes of the brand identity constitution such as change of logo and colour palette. Rebranding is relevantly easy if the changes are intentionally small to ensure continuity with the past, but also to reposition the company as contemporary. Difficult case is a complete rebranding which means change of the brand image in order to reposition the established brand in the market.Rebrand ing is always made in sample of reposition the brand in the market and minds of consumers when brand identity is not anymore appealing, current brand positioning is not valid for the target market anymore, or target market changes. Sometimes companies make rebranding to distance themselves from certain negative connotations of the previous branding. For example if the brand has a controversial image, a repositioning is required to improve the flawed reputation.However the main reason for a rebranding is to communicate a new message for a company. The goal of rebranding is to renovate brand image and differentiate situation for stakeholders and market position. Far from just a change of visual identity, rebranding should be part of an overall brand strategy for a product or service. (Lambkin, Muzellec (2006), p. 2)Brand image is one of the most precious assets, and that value is a culmination of many years investment and commitment. Deep understanding of initial brand values and tho rough research are required for the rebranding undertaking because of the huge impact on a company position that rebranding or even change of a logo can invoke. Launch of the new brand identity should be also made in a delicate and systematic manner in order to avoid pushing away old customers, while aiming to attract new one.Establishing trust and emotional bounds based on careful strategy are critical in the rebranding process. Appropriate rebranding strategy, consistent product or service quality, sensible pricing and effective distribution will help to rebuilt brand awareness and create associations in customer memory after rebrand implementation.Rebranding is expensive and involves a quantity of risks. Necessity to explain to loyal customers the reasons of rebranding and its benefits has to be anticipated. This is an expensive and not one hundred per cent successful undertaking. A company normally decide to undertake rebranding with all its cost, efforts and risks only if there are very good reasons for it.Reasons for brand identity changeThough rebranding is always an earnest undertaking reasons for it can be sometimes ridiculous or unfounded. A company might want to transfer already existing identity into a new name, identity policy or positioning for a number of reasons, in order to respond to external or internal concerns.The most common reason is attempt to stay modern, signal a change in direction, focus, attitude or strategy, if a company has a feeling that the brand image has become old-fashioned. In a fast-changing environment it can be useful to change because of globalisation, declining profitability or consumer indifference. The other reason is differentiation from competitors and willingness to overcome them. Gaining no-count press or bad events experience would normally promote a corporate identity change. Also the launch of new businesses that are significantly different from the traditional one can be a reason.However big companies very o ften have so-called rebranding cycles in order to stay current with the times or set themselves ahead of the competition. (Temporal (2002), pp 112-117) Companies also utilize rebranding as an effective marketing tool to hide shame of the past and to shed negative connotations that could potentially affect profitability.The attraction of new customersAmbition to target a new market is a most common reason for rebranding. A good example of such attempt can be Cadillac which in recent times designed a range of new cars to provide a trendy, youthful look to their brand image.A lot of companies nowadays want to appear modern and progressive. A practice of changing company logo and name in attempt to attract new customers became one of the most common and widespread in recent decades. The name for a product sometimes doesnt sound good and the logo can be obsolete or inappropriate for the marketing strategy.However logo or brand symbols redesign in order to make company current or fashion able is the worst possible solution. There is always a high risk that change of the logo will alienate customers instead of attracting new one. Recent rebranding of the Pepsi logo which was made in attempt to attract new customers is perfect example of how unsuccessful it can be. Made by Arnell Group the Pepsi rebranding took three year and cost approximately $1 billion. Pepsi wanted to make a complete incase and marketing rebranding of its soft drinks. The white stripe on the new logo supposed to be smiles, but all the efforts were barren, consumer

What The Dsm Attempts To Do Psychology Essay

What The Dsm Attempts To Do Psychology EssayDSM-IV is a classification of psychological perturbs that was developed for utilize in clinical, educational, and research settings. American Psychiatric joining, DSM-IV-TR, 2000 What the DSM attempts to do is fill specific criteria for specific diseases, but at the equal time, non hold back the manual be used in a cookery book fashion. Meaning that the specific diagnostic criteria in the DSM atomic number 18 meant to serve as guidelines concurrently with clinical judgment. As we altogether know, each cark include in the DSM has a set of diagnostic criteria that signify what presages must be dedicate in order to meet the criteria for a diagnosing. Conversely, there argon some disturbs where there are symptoms that must not be present in order for an individual to be eligible for the diagnosis. A knock-down(prenominal) point of this particular set-up of the DSM manual assimilates finding the disorder and its diagnostic crit eria easier because of its conciseness. The use of the DSM diagnostic criteria to diagnose has been shown to increase diagnostic reliability (Mezzich, 2002).As notable above, the DSM-IV is a manual that helps outline mental disorders. A major faculty is that healthcare professionals such as physicians, psychologist, psychiatrists, and others combined their resources and knowledge to create a universal manual (Well in the US any directions) (Speigel, January 3, 2005). Also, the DSM is used for appropriate label for billing and insurance purposes which, for most psychologists, is imperative in order to fix reimbursement for interference. Another strength of the DSM is that it allows researchers to gather a group of patients who meet the set forth criteria for the disorder, try different treatments, and compare the results. For example, a percentage of patients with social phobic disorder might be helped by placebo, and if a greater number pull up stakes be helped by a psych oleptic, or psychotherapy, or whatever the treatment is in their design, then sensation of these treatments can be found valuable. This is main(prenominal) because the idea of evidence based treatment appeals to the general public, to the field, and is just putting green sense. at that placefore, it is known that empirical data is more than useful than untested theories and without end debates that are not proven by research. whiz weakness that I withdraw found is the reoccurrence of including the social effects of disorders in the criteria by which the self resembling(prenominal) disorders are identified (Widiger Sankis, 2000). It has been argued that when a mortal meets or exceeds the criteria for a disorder, the DSM does not satisfactorily take into account the context in which a individual is living, and to what degree there is a disorder of an individual versus a psychological response to their negative environment (Chodoff, 2005). Therefore, should someone who is i n a rattling poor living situation (emotional or physical abuse, in p everywherety, ect) these whitethorn be the sole factor for some their symptoms, so should it put away be assessed in the criteria? aroundtimes, an individuals quantity of decline in quality is often not correlated with symptom counts, and can stem from various individual and social factors, the DSMs standard of melancholy or disability can often produce false positives (Spitzer R.L., Wakefield J.C., 1999). However, the man human body still is that some individuals who dont meet all the symptom criteria may still experience similar suffering or dysfunction in their life.The DSM-IV is a lot known as a categorical classification schema. The categories are models, and a patient with a risque relation to the model is said to do that disorder. The DSM-IV (2000) states, there is no assumption each category of mental disorder is a completely discrete entity with absolute boundaries At the same time, unique, mi ld, or non-criterion symptoms are not given any importance in the diagnosis (Maser, JD., Patterson, T., 2002). On the other hand, qualifiers are sometimes used when explaining the level of disorder for example mild, moderate or severe forms. For many the disorders, symptoms must be adequate to cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other primal areas of functioning. (APA, DSM-IV-TR, 2000) It has been said that ever since the DSM was created, it has been argued that its placement of classification ferments indiscrete categorical distinctions in the midst of disorders, and uses somewhat random cut-offs between design and abnormal (Widiger Coker, 2003, p. 3). I agree that the cut-offs seem a pussy arbitrary, and though it is not always voiced, my professors seem to silently shed the same opinion. It has been argued that rather than using a categorical approach, a fully dimensional or continuum approach may enhanced the diagnosis people and make it more individualized. (Dalal P.K., Sivakumar T., (2009).What I incur would make the next version DSM victor comes from a suggestion by Dr. Kraemer at the American Psychiatric Association 2007 Annual Meeting, in San Diego, California. (Busko, June 14, 2007) She stated that the purpose of a diagnostic system of mental health disorders, such as the DSM, is not to say what is normal or acceptable but to describe the presentation of a person who comes to get clinical help. The point being made is when a healthcare professional uses the DSM they agree to answer this question,Does the patient fit this mental disorder category? Right now, there are only 2 options Yes or No, which makes the DSM very categorical. However, a dimensional diagnosis, would give us 3 or more potential values that can be ordered. An example, provided by Dr. Kraemer was season I think that having more than a binary option is a good idea, I am not sure well-nigh this suddenly Sure or Unsure categoriza tion that is presented. Yes, the diagnostic classification should bleed to a diagnosis that is reliable and valid, but it should as well trust in the professionals life experiences and knowledge in determining how any one disorder is presented in an individual. At the same time, I am cautious about having a classification system that showtimes running into subclinical diagnosis. I feel that this would lead into everyone leaving a psychologists or psychiatrists office with a disorder. One side note I would similar to add, is that as it has been presented by the APA, the DSM-5 is bend towards making Aspergers Syndrome a combined disorder with Autism Spectrum Disorder. As a person who has a brother with Aspeger and having worked with the general Autistic community, I feel abhorred that such a thing would be considered. They are similar, but not the same thing. Especially when we are discussing an individuals ability to live independently and function in their community. For me, th is would be like combining Schizoid nature disorder and Schizotypal personality disorder. Well, I will just full stop my rambling for now.Hello Ms. XD, I hope you are doing well. After our evaluation and my consultation with my supervisor, we have driven that you have Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia. Within Panic Disorder, you can have panic overtures. A panic attack can described as an event of very intense fear or uneasiness that comes on rather quickly. People can experience Panic Disorder in different ways, but some of the symptoms are chest pain, mental picture like you are choking, a feeling like you might be dying, feeling like you may have not control of your emotions. You can withal have hot flashes, chills, nausea, numbness, shortness of breath, sweating. fast heartbeat, or you may start shaking. Once again, these symptoms can start all of a sudden and commonly gets more intense as time goes on, but these feelings usually hot flash within 10 minutes. You similarl y have Agoraphobia along with your Panic Disorder. This convey that you may have a strong fear of being in a difficult or embarrassing situation that you cannot escape from. whatsoever people who have severe agoraphobia may not want relegate home. There may be certain locations or situations that may make you concerned that you will have a panic attack. These feelings can have a big impact on your social, work, or educational life. It may make it difficult for you to be around others because you may be concerned that you will have another panic attack.Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia is one of the most common anxiety disorders. Approximately 1-2% of the general public have this disorder. Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia can start at anytime during someones life, but it usually starts in adolescence and mid 30s. It is rare to have Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia over the age of 45. So you fit the within common age lead of occurrence. Also, with Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia, fem ales are 3 times more probably than males to have it. If someone in your immediate family also has this disorder, you are 8 times more likely to get it. Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia is loosely considered chronic. This means that it is not likely to go away in the scrawny future. However, the severity can go from very low to very high while you have Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia. You may eventually stop having panic attacks, but it is common to still have the symptoms of agoraphobia.There are many reasons on how Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia happens, but there is no one direct cause. Some think there is only a genetic reason why this happens. That means that it is in your genes that were transferred on from your parents. It is also believed that panic disorder may be a chequered behavioural response to stressful situations. This means that you may have learned at some point during your life that, maybe unconsciously, it was okay for you to react in a certain way and that is what has lead you to have panic attacks. It is also thought that some peoples brains are wired in a way that makes it easier and more common for them to have a panic attack. These are all possibly reasons why you have Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia, but the important thing now is to look into what the best way to treat it. There are many different options. For medications, there are a potpourri to choose from, but the most common medicament to use is called an SSRI. Some medicines that you have heard of before, such as Prozac and Zoloft, are SSRIs. You have about a 60% chance of being panic attack free if you stick with your meds. However, if you dont, it is very likely that you will have more panic attacks. Another choice is using a specific kind of psychotherapy called Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. CBT is a type of therapy that helps you focus on how you think about things and how you behave. Within CBT is something called Panic Control Treatment. This would meant that you woul d experience the symptoms of a panic attack in a safe environment. Along with this you would learn deep breathing and relaxation. I highly recommend that you go with this therapy. Therapy and medicine can be combined, but that is up to your physician or psychiatrist to decide. Ms. XD, I hope the best for you and please let me know you if you have an issues or concerns.

How Self-Motivation can Create a Positive Impact on Your Life?

How Self-Motivation can Create a Positive Impact on Your Life?IntroductionSelf-motivation is a function wherein a person develop slipway on how to keep his or her ego motivated at all cadences despite intriguing times and without direct attention from other slew. Experts say that self-motivation is a truly important factor in a persons life because this get out armed service him or her see things in a positive way. This will withal enable him or her to overcome challenges by developing an attitude that could throw trials and failures.If one is able to develop a good outlook in life, everything will start falling into their proper places. In fact, he or she might even be surprised of the things that were able to accomplished in that span of time.THE ABCs OF SELF MOTIVATIONIf you are one of those who render expert realized the importance of self-motivation and would want to start it but you effective dont get it on how, here are some of the things that can help youRe-a ssess yourself. legion(predicate) people think that they know themselves already that is why they decline to do self-assessment regularly. Experts say that these people dont realize that the more that they decline doing self-reassessment, the more that they eviscerate stuck to their own routine which leaves them lesser room for improvement. If you want to start with unceasing self-motivation, it is best that you know yourself very well. If you know yourself well, you will know your weaknesses as well as your strengths.Once you were able to identify all of these, it will be easier for you to set goals for yourself that are within your reach and your capabilities. Knowing ones self will also enable you to take note of your weaknesses and gamble ways on how to overcome, manage, and deal with them. The same works for your strengths because you might even find a way on how to improve them. Start with small and aboveboard goals. Dont put too much pressure on yourself. If you are just starting with self-motivation, it will be best if you start small and simplistic so you wont feel defeat when you werent able to meet the standards you afford set for yourself. If you start with small and simple things, you are giving yourself the go on to accomplish bigger things ahead. Keep track of your progress. Monitoring how well or bad you are doing will help you maneuver things that find ways that would best work for you. For a person who is just starting with his or her self-motivation process, it is best to keep track of how you are doing so you will know where are the areas that you should improve on and what are the things that you should continue doing. Find time to share and help others. Self-motivation is a process that indirectly involves other people for it to be successful. If you think you are doing well at your own pace, it would help if you find time to share the experience as well as the ideas to others so you will influence them. If the people-especially t hose that matter to you-see that you are doing good and self-motivation is creating a big impact in your life, they would even might want to strain the same thing that you are doing.

How to Overcome Ethnocentrism

How to Overcome EthnocentrismEthnocentrism is when single tends to judge opposite ethnic or heathen groups according to the dominant, or superior, culture in which they belong. This judgment places special concern on behavior, customs, language, and religion.To overcome ethnocentrism by means of parley, one essential first soak up an open mind in mold to develop heathenish awargonness and sensitivity to differents. To even the most highly motivated individuals wanting to reduce or eliminate their ethnocentrism, this is not an favourable task. Efforts must be made to increase knowledge about cultural resistences and similarities in order to have a better projecting of the train for a diverse population and to help overcome both(prenominal) prejudices. You whitethorn hold to change lifelong beliefs about yourself and your culture. Moreover, recent research suggests that deal shitly have beliefs and biases that theyre not even consciously aware of and that whitethor n even conflict with the beliefs they think they have. (Thill and Bove, 2008, pg 75)Some ways in which to tick off about other cultures would be to read inappropriate books, t bothy a foreign language, browse foreign internet sites, watch foreign movies or television, attend services from another religion, travel or cultivation abroad, learn to appreciate cultural music, or join cultural clubs to cultivate friendships.A degree of ethnocentrism is natural when being introduced to a different culture. Fortunately these cross-cultural barriers substructure be overcome through exposure. In my life experiences, prejudices have simply been nothing other than fear of the unknown.Explain the eight of import types of cultural differences. Provide an example of each (5 points).When communicating in a diverse world, one must recognize and accommodate cultural differences to evacuate the chance of any misunderstandings. in that respect are eight main types of cultural differences setti ngual, judicial and ethical, social, nonverbal signals, age, gender, religion, and ability.Any attempt at communicating, cultural context plays a place in. Cultural context is the pattern of physical cues, environmental stimuli, and implicit understanding that conveys meaning between two members of the same culture. (Thill and Bove, 2008, pg 76) T here(predicate) are two types of cultural context, high-context and low-context. As an example, in a high-context culture, ones emplacement and status is valued more than highly than their competence, whereas in a low-context culture, ones competence, stain and status are valued equally. Cultural context also affects legal and ethical differences. In a high-context culture, verbal accordances are viewed as more important than indite agreements, and in a low-context culture, a written agreement is binding, with little to no value placed on a verbal agreement.The nature of social behavior differs between cultures, and at times, quite markedly. A good example of this difference is in a high-context culture, time is often seen as more flexible, meaning late schedules or appointments are overlook in order to maintain relationships, whereas in a low-context culture, schedules, appointments, and deadlines have pie-eyed requirements. Being late might be seen as disrespectful, lazy, or incompetent, and ordinarily unacceptable. Nonverbal differences could be class along with social differences as they are both a type of behavior, just now can also differ quite markedly between cultures. Examples of these differences can include greetings such as a handshake, possible intrusion of personal space, facial expressions, eye wrap up or posture.The remaining four differences, I believe could be grouped to bugger offher, as each one, age, gender, and ability are things that one cannot change in themselves. Even though I feel religion should be a choice, in some cultures that it not allowed. All four of these differences have the strength to bring about controversy while communicating. Some cultures give the most respect, power, and freedom to their elders, while other cultures believe that the younger generation can bring fresh ideas and creativity to the table. Some cultures allow more women to handgrip executive positions, while others still believe men should hold the positions of authority. plot of land some cultures find people with impaired abilities a significant outrage and may not give them equal opportunities, other cultures recognize these individuals as an opportunity to help them with tasks that they find difficult or almost unattainable to perform, and can possibly lead to finding new inventions in which to uphold these individuals. Some cultures believe they should be allowed to express their religious beliefs in any environment, while others do not believe in openly expressing themselves so as to avoid friction between individuals.In todays economy, anyone who can lick a co ntribution that has a positive impact on gild should be allowed, but we all must learn to see former(prenominal) our cultural differences.List and discuss the important components of successful intercultural communications (5 points).Intercultural communication is difficult and in order to communicate successfully, in that location are barriers we must work through. Important components of communicating successfully are to research and study other cultures and languages, learn to respect preferences for communication styles, learn to draw up and handle clearly and listen carefully, and help others adapt to your culture.Learning just the fundamentals of any culture, even common phrases, can help get you through everyday situations. There are many ways of researching and studying other cultures and their languages from reading books, to watching movies, traveling to another country, or even taking classes to learn a second language. Knowing the communication style of a culture is particularly important in effectively communicating, whether it be verbally, or nonverbal. Learning other communication style also shows that you respect their culture. committal to indite and speaking clearly and listening carefully are also a part of effective communication. If youre in a skirmish, making a presentation, or listening to a presentation, in order to give or get appropriate and realistic feedback, you must be an effective writer, speaker, and listener. One discussion can have different meanings to different cultures. When helping others adapt to your culture, both can learn which forms of communicating are easier for each culture written or oral.Since successful communication plays such a vital role in todays society, it is imperative that any stumbling blocks be overcome so there can be a win-win situation for everyone involved.List the septet components of writing and speaking clearly. Provide an example of each (5 points).In learning to write and speak c learly, it is recommended one follow these seven components 1) Use simple and comminuted language 2) Be brief 3) Use transitional elements 4) Address global correspondence properly 5) Cite numbers and dates carefully 6) Avoid slang, idiomatic phrases, and business jargon and 7) Avoid humor and other references to popular culture.Listed here are samples for each component 1) the word run, ingestiond as a verb or noun, would have over 40 distinct meanings, where the word taxi, which may differ slightly in spelling would tend to be accepted as the same meaning 2) organize your thoughts and materials to eliminate any wordiness so your information can be conveyed in the shortest and simplest way possible, and if need be, break information into smaller sections to help readers capture your message 3) apply transitional words and phrases such as even though, furthermore, because of all this helps readers understand what they are reading 4) be sure you correctly use all address elemen ts for a country, e.g. (city + hyphen + postcode), and another country may use (city + state (abbrev.) + postcode) 5) a date written as 1/2/03, in one country may mean the first of February, 2003, but in another country mean the second of January, 2003 6) such idiomatic phrases as its on the tip of my tongue should be avoided as your auditory modality may not have any idea what you mean and 7) what is shadowed to one person can be entirely different from what the near person thinks. Lets say making a joke about a popular entertainer like why was Lady Gaga carried on submit in an eggshell and dressed like a newborn. This would most in all probability be completely alien to your audience. So unless you are familiar with your audience, it is lift out to avoid humor altogether.When communicating in intercultural conversations, whether speaking or writing, regain to become familiar with their communication style and adapt accordingly, and to follow the seven components of writing and speaking clearly.On page 94 of your text, do physical exercise 3.1 (Intercultural Sensitivity Recognizing Variations). Be sure to provide a rationale for your dress and use citations or references to the text or other materials to support your answer. You may find it helpful to visit your textbook Web site and go to the Featured Web Sites section for Chapter 3, then visit the Executive major planet Web site for some additional information about communicating in a business setting with specific countries. (10 points)A Canadian toy company representative, Ms. McGraw, is in a first negotiations business meeting with Mr. Morioka, a manu facturer of miniature truck wheels in Osaka, Japan. Ms. McGraw has just completed explaining her companys expectations for the design process, the materials procurement, and aggressively emphasizing their willingness to close the deal by lay their contract out on the table. Mr. Morioka is increasingly vague in his answer to accept the contract b y saying softly, perhaps that will be difficult, shows little interest in the negotiations, and Ms McGraw doesnt understand why.One misfortune of a cultural difference that could be affecting their communication is the fact that women still dont play a prominent role in business, and cleaning woman executives who visit those countries may find that theyre not taken seriously as businesspeople. (Thill and Bove, 2008, pg 78) Age difference could also have an effect because in the Nipponese business culture, elders are valued for their wisdom and experience they bring to the company. another(prenominal) possibility could be in nonverbal communication such as how they are greeted or if there is a lot of direct and frequent eye contact. The Japanese traditionally prefer a slight bow of the head and eye contact can be considered aggressive. (Thill and Bove, 2008, pg 80)All aspects of Japanese life, especially business relations, are governed by strict rules of etiquette. A foreign bus iness person who is either ignorant of, or insensitive to, Japanese customs and etiquette needlessly jeopardizes his companys prospects in this country. (Japanese Customs, Etiquette, and Culture, http//www.buyusa.gov/japan/en/customs.html)

Review Of Three Movies: Trainspotting, Ferris Buellers Day Off And Ju :: essays research papers

Review Of Three Movies Trainspot give noniceg, Ferris Buellers Day Off and Jurassic jetTrainspottingTrainspotting is a drop-dead look at a dead-end lifestyle. get along among the junkiesand thugs of Edinburghs slums and made by (director Danny Boyle, writer JohnHodge, producer Andrew Macdonald) that created "Shallow Grave," "Trainspotting"caused a sensation in Britain, where it took in more money than any U.K. buckexcept "Four Weddings and a Funeral" and ignited strong controersy over itsattitude toward heroin. Mark Renton (Ewan McGregor), the films narrator,unleashes an overpowering verbal torrent that gets things off to an competitivestart." hire life," Renton insists in voice-over as store detectives chase after himfor shoplifting. "Choose a job. Choose a career. Choose a family. Choose abeep big television, choose washing machines, cars, compact disc players andelectrical tin openers. Choose good health, low cholesterol and dental insuran ce.Choose fixed-income mortgage repayments. Choose a starter home. Choose yourfriends. . . . "But why would I want to do a thing like that? I chose not tochoose life I chose something else. And the reasons? There are no reasons. Who ask reasons when youve got heroin?" It is very difficult to resist the filmsgreat energy."Trainspottings" subject event is raw and raunchy, including AIDS, overdosesand violence as well as obscene situations exposit in unprintable language.This is a film that makes you laugh of things that can in no way be described asfunny. How is this possible? In the films signature scene, where Renton, insearch of some lost opium suppositories, dives head-first into "the filthiesttoilet in Scotland" and emerges in a sublime and spacious undersea world. Anddespite Rentons storied saying on the pleasures of heroin, boasting, "Takethe best orgasm you ever had, calculate it by a thousand and youre still nowherenear it," "Trainspott ing" is yet interested in drugs because its characters are.Most feeble of the characters is the glasses-wearing Spud (Ewen Bremner). Most oblique is Sick Boy (Jonny Lee Miller), who knows all there is to know mostSean Connery. Most innocent is Tommy (Kevin McKidd), whose insistence on tellingthe truth no matter what is viewed as a fatal weakness. And most dangerous isthe beer-drinking, heroin-hating psychopath Begbie (Robert Carlyle)..Some of the funniest parts include Rentons sudden passion for the mysteriousDiane (Kelly Macdonald) and Tommys take in charge to get the boys interested in theoutdoors, which leads to Rentons "I hate being Scottish" tirade, which ends"Some people hate the English, but I dont. Theyre just wankers. We, on theother hand, are colonized by wankers.

Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal Essay -- Argumentative, Persuasive,

The sale of cigargonttes and tobacco is a multi-billion sawhorse industry, but is it truly worth all the problems that stem from their use. Health carry on costs are extremely high due to all the wellness problems associated with cigarettes and tobacco. Even though research has proven time and time over again the harmful effects of cigarettes, and the rising cost of health care caused by cigarettes our government will not force a stand and endure all manufacturing of the horrible toxins.Every year reinvigorated medical reports are issued regarding the harmful effects of smoking cigarettes. Hundreds of thousands of people around the world hold out every year from diseases caused by smoking. Approximately one in dickens lifetime smokers will die from their habit. Half of these deaths will occur in middle age. The most common of the diseases caused by smoking is cancer, of course. Not solo is it a cause of lung cancer, but cancer of the larynx, and the esophagus, and i t contributes to the development of cancers of the bladder, pancreas, and kidney. Lung cancer comes from the surface in the cigarettes. The tar coats your lungs like soot in a chimney. It does not make a difference if a smoker changes to low-tar cigarettes because smokers will take a deeper puff to get the same affect as a regular cigarette. This causes them to draw the tar deeper into their lungs causing even more damage. The surgeon General requires that every package of cigarettes has one of the following statements surgeon generalS WARNING Smoking Causes Lung Cancer, Heart Disease, Emphysema, And May Complicate Pregnancy. SURGEON GENERALS WARNING Cigarette Smoke Contains Carbon Monoxide. notwithstanding these warnings most of the population is not aware of the other illnesses that can develop... ...is distressing cycle? They have taken a stand to control the nicotine in the cigarettes why not take that stand even further? Do they not realize by making these wicked things illegal and shutting down manufacturers, not only will they save on health care, they will save lives? Works Citedhttp//www.quit-smoking-stop.com/smoking-diseases.html, http//harvardscience.harvard.edu/culture-society/articles/cigarette-manufacturers-developed-candy-flavored-brands-target-youth, Carrie Carpenter, Harvard School of Public Health, November, 2005http//www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1889469,00.html, Fixing Health Care Cheaply, Haig, Scott, April, 2009FDA bans flavored cigarettes as part of new tobacco control act. Hem/Onc Today 25 Oct. 2009 2. Academic research Complete. EBSCO. Web. 23 Nov. 2009.Wilkes, Gwen, Personal Interview, 27 November 2009.

Free College Admissions Essays: What I Want From College :: College Admissions Essays

What I Want From College It has always been my sterling(prenominal) ambition to become a college graduate. In order to achieve that culture I have strived to cultivate the various talents with which I have been blessed. The prototypal step is to fully appreciate the professors and their dedication to passing on not just knowledge from a text, but the intimate knowledge of parcel young men such as myself become accountable and palmy contributors to society. I dont think enough scholarly persons take the opportunity to tap into the individualized knowledge that galore(postnominal) professors offer their students. They have traveled the road we be attempting to navigate. It is only prudent to take advantage of that fact. Many students shy forward from personal time with their professors. Yet, this is the best way to show the professor that you be engaged in the classroom. It sets you apart from other students and offers additional information that many professors cannot cover inside of the classroom. Secondly, I hope to collide with a greater sense of solidarity, recreation and release with the African American alliance. Having attended a predominantly white high school where less than 5% of the student body was African American, I feel it would be a marvellous experience to take advantage of the support that is offered by fellow students. We stand up in a diverse society and it is necessary to learn to plump among others. There is nothing like the experience of communing among ourselves in order to gain a collective confidence in our ability to achieve our goals. I also hope to actively contribute to that community as well. I also hope to gain a greater sense of stinting and social responsibility. By being an active part of my college community via physical exertion and civic activities in the community, I have the opportunity to be a more independent adult. At the same time I am gaining experience that will only enhance my abilities to be employed and to be a positive and productive member of any community I join in the hereafter. It is important to also contribute to those in the community that have not been offered the same opportunities I have. As a future teacher, it is my feeling that I have a personal responsibility in passing on the desire to learn to others. The seriousness of that task warrants my imperishable pursuit of a better understanding of that commitment.

Home Schooling :: Free Essay Writer

Home tuitionIs foundation breeding a better option for our kidren? I believe that the authors main point is that there ar ii dissimilar types of groups that fireside school, and additionally that parents can sew there childrens schooling is a Consumer mentality.The two categories of home schooling have Emerged, both of which is complicated about customization. The superior of the pigeonholing is the Christian right, although home schooling has grow to be a much more diverse endeavors in the past 10 old age. The Strength as a social movement and the majority of is practitioners are conservative Christians. Both kinds of home schooled as in the, Family unit who instructs the child exclusively at home and the family unit who inquires about several(prenominal) user interface with the community school organization is practicing customizing in education. In addition, home schooling is supplementary than an, Education alternative. It is also a societal interest group, in 1986 approximately 50,000 offspring were being sophisticate at there dwelling. In 2002, at slightest 1 million offsprings is being home school with some approximation attach the quantity at 2 million, and amplify of 20.I believe that the instigator purpose of the scuttlebutt is that, Parents view their childs education on a subject area of properly under their control, and no one elses. In addition, that some of the parents feel that they are, Entitled to purchase the education of their child from the market tush of learning material. I consider that all parents should have the chose to produce their childs education, to their own characteristics.If parents want to protect their children from diverse things in the world, in that case they should be capable to. In addition, I adjudge with that how home schooling parents are so dedicated to their children having an excellent education. I agree with the author stated that home schooling seems to be marvelous if sight think about edu cation as a inspiration tool.My position of the commentary is that I concur with what the author declare in the entire article. I believe parents that home school their children are significantly worried about how their children obtain their education, and that they would do anything for there child to have an excellent education.Residency is the societal adhesive that unites the diverse people together to be a national is to contribute to something in gross with ones fellow citizens. As the legal scholar Sunstein (2001) has argue, a Heterogeneous society with out some share experiences and some parkland values.

Texting and Cell Phone Essays -- young poeple, homework, communication

The question of young people and cell phone use and schoolbooking causing young people to be less able to concentrate and center on has always been a difficult one to answer. Technology gives teenagers so ofttimes but includes many drawbacks. prison cell phone use and texting has its advantages such as teachers encompass technical school,uses for educational purposes, and easy to usehowever, some drawbacks ar as socializing,time away from homework,and bad communication skills. The first advantage would be teachers embracing tech in the classroom.Teachers embrace tech as a statement tool in a way the students will understand.According to Eric board when students took an identification of translating passages of Othello into other dialects,some students used the texting dialect,resulting in some very interesting talks between lago and othello.The kind of technology teachers atomic number 18 embracing on are high tech calculators,Ipads,smartboards,and a variety of sites .Todays high tech calculators dont just calculate certain equations but besides graph equations,how to find the greatest common factor,and even get a larger view or smaller view of the graph.The use of ipads in the classroom is useful for both the teacher and the student. For the students the ipad undersurface give them some hints on the problem their solving and maybe even keep a record of their grades that certain student has so they sack up considerably strike out up on them at any time. While for the teachers they can easily set up tests and quizzes and even grade assignments quickly and effecently.Although some teachers free use regular boards,most teachers use smart boards to teach. These boards are like nondescript boards except these are controlled by remote control pen.By just clicking on the board questions can be written... ...d to spell the word loveand spelled it l-u-v the somebody who asked is shocked that he knows how to spell a word in text form rather than t he way its supposed to be spelled correctly. Causes are a major concerns especially when it comes to cell phone use and texting although they can go both ways for good things or bad things.In the future,maybe at that place will be safety regulations for cellphones and texting so young people can concentrate more on their future but for know the jr. Generation has its own say in the tech valet then the Older Generations.Works CitedAlice G. Walton,Science Proves that Cellphones are Annoying and Distracting,3/13/13,1-6.print.Russell A.Sabella,Cell Phones,texting,and Cell Phone distractions,4/29/2010,Education.com,1/10/14.Greg Graham,Cell phones in classroom?No Students call for to pay attention,9/21/10,pbs.com,1/9/14

Queen Elizabeth and her Conflicts Essay -- Royalty

Queen Elizabeth I was integrity of the most famous monarchs along with being one of the most prospered woman rulers in history (Rowse 243). During her reign, she is said to have kept a long and eternal peace. Wikianswers believes that the main conflict she had during her reign was, the aspects of the catholic faith. Yes, religious settlement of England needed to be established, but her throne was in danger of her sister in the start and the intrusion her cousin subsequent had greatly impacted and challenged Elizabeth. These are the obstacles I think she more had to contend during her reign. But she wasnt always first in line for the royal family seat. Elizabeth was the child of queen mole rat Henry and Anne Boleyn (Galli) born in the year 1533. King Henry had a previous wife named Catherine of Argon with whom they bore bloody shame in the year 1516. King Henry of course wanting a male heir kept trying and finally had a boy in 1537 with Jane Seymour named Edward VI. Edward wa s concluded to inherit the throne but died at a young era leaving bloody shame I of Henrys children to be next in line (Galli). King Henry lived to the age 55 and passed due to bad health. This was the year of 1547 and bloody shame being the heir, became queen. Mary I suffered terrible childhood of neglect, intolerance, and ill health, says Galli. In her old age she went from having high status, to loosing it all from a law change, to receiving it all back and reinstating her to the throne. Her major(ip) goal once queen was to reestablish Catholicism and was very committed. She was named damn Mary due to her burning of 300 Protestants at the stake which is a big sense to why her reign was unpopular (Galli). Thomas Wyatt conduct a rebellion with many Protestants to dethrone her. Mary was certain El... ...gue to simplicity in her bed. She died in March of 1603 (Queen Elizabeth I).Queen Elizabeth never had children so her successor was James VI of Scotland who became James I of England. He was the son of Mary Stuart and was King of Scots, Ireland, and lastly England as of 1603 at the age of 37 (Wikipedia). He was a talented scholar and The Golden Age continued into his reign. through Elizabeths 45 years of British rule, she battled challenging obstacles such as religious conflict, Mary Tudors rule, peoples will to set aside her, and Mary Queen of Scots intrusion. She faced these trials and managed to be given the designation of Englands greatest monarch. This influential woman ruler left fervency and knowledge for future monarchs and the British government for many years to come. She had excessively provided her country with stability and a sense of identity (Rowse 245).

Christian and Pagan Influence in Paradise Lost and Beowulf Essay

Christian and Pagan Influence in paradise Lost and Beowulf In enlightenment Lost, Milton is adept at drawing from both Christian and pagan sources and integrating them in such a fashion that they reinforce one an different (Abrams 1075). Of course it is a commonplace for critics to imagine that Milton valued his Christian sources more highly than the pagan ones (Martindale 20) this is most promising due to the fact that he regarded the Christian sources as vessels of the truth. His classical allusions, on the other hand, served as references for things fallen or damned. Thus, as seen in the magic trick to Book 7 (Descend from heavn Urania, by that name / If rightly thou art called 7.1-2) wherein Milton places his muse Urania, the Greek muse of astronomy, in paradise and distinguishes her as Christian, Milton works to integrate the Christian and pagan throughout nirvana Lost. Although a detailed account of the reasoning behind his form is beyond the scope of this essay, beca use a strict Classicist might begrudge the aggression of the biblical models, and a strict Puritan might equally resent the degradation of the Word of God to the status of a source of precedents for literary composition (Lewis 5), perhaps Miltons choice of form was a governmental as well as a stylistic one. On the other hand, the reason could be as simple as Milton himself states in the conjury to Book 1 Things unattempted yet in prose or rhyme (1.16). In this one line, Milton borrows directly from Ariostos Orlando Furioso, thus acknowledging the epic tradition, yet in any case challenging that very tradition by promising his readers greatness and originality (Abrams 1476). paradise Lost, however, is not the first epic to integrate both Christian and tradi... ...ilik, J. T., ed. The Books of Enoch. Oxford Claredon, 1976. Milton, washbasin. Paradise Lost. Elledge 3-304. Mollenkott, Virginia R. The Influence of the Apocrypha in Miltons Thought and Art. Milton and the Art o f sacrosanct Song. Patrick and Sundell 23-43. Niles, John D. Pagan Survivals and Popular Belief. The Cambridge Companion to Old English Literature. Ed. Malcolm Godden and Michael Lapidge. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 1991. 126-41. Patrick, J. Max, and Roger H. Sundell, eds. Milton and the Art of Sacred Song. Madison U of Wisconsin P, 1979. Sandner, David. The Uncanny in Beowulf. Exploration 40.2 (1999) 162-70. Shawcross, John T. The attack aircraft of Paradise Lost One More Time. Patrick and Sundell 137-47. Steadman, John M. Miltons Biblical and Classical Imagery. Pittsburgh Duquesne UP, 1984.

rosemarys baby :: essays research papers

Rosemarys Baby and the Manson Family MurdersIn 1969 roman letters Polanski had finally become a success. After a youth devastated by the Holocaust, the loss of his parents, and a mugging that left him on the brink of death, the Polish-born theatre director had moved to Hollywood. He was about to have his first child with his moving-picture show-star wife, Sharon Tate and he had just released the blockbuster film Rosemarys Baby.The event that make Roman Polanski famous was a tragedy that shocked the nation. On rarified 9, 1969, followers of Charles Manson murdered Polanskis wife and her eight-month-old unborn child on with four close family friends. Rosemarys Baby, which recently celebrated its thirtieth anniversary, stars Mia Farrow, John Cassavetes, and Ruth Gorden, who, won an Oscar for her role as the eccentric gray neighborhood. Charles Grodin made his screen debut as the young obstetrician Dr. Hill. The movie follows Rosemary, a wealthy newlywed, whose life slowly unravel s as she discovers she is the focus of a vicious cult of Devil-worshippers.Although Rosemarys Baby was released a form before the Manson Family murders occurred, the two events are incredibly similar. Both the movie and the murders pass away in the world of show businessSharon Tate was an actress, Rosemarys keep up is an actor. Both revolve around a beautiful young expectant woman. Both feature the Devil (the Devil impregnates Rosemary the Devil was angiotensin-converting enzyme of Charles Mansons aliases). Both involve a powerful cult that murders with observable impunity. One of the reasons the Manson Family murders shocked the world was the Familys ability to perform atrocities with no reservations. The acted without hesitation, distrust, or remorse. In Rosemarys Baby, young Rosemary (Mia Farrow) is at the opposite end of the spectrum, conspicuously unable to act. Rosemary is consumed with so such(prenominal) paralyzing self-doubt and hesitation the viewer is reminded of Hamlet. Unlike Hamlet, Rosemarys doubt is not sympathetic or nobleor, for that matter, interesting. For the first half an time of day Rosemary seems weak. For the second half an hour she appears spineless. Eventually Rosemarys inaction in the face of overwhelming evidence becomes so intense that she actually stops being a believable character no one could be this much of a moron. Here are a few examples. Early in the movie, Rosemarys husband rapes her trance she is passed out drunk. She wakes with scratch marks on her back and no memorial of the previous nights events.

Procrastination :: essays research papers

ProcrastinationWhat does cunctation mean? Is it the stereotypical meaning of laziness? And this word, procrastinate has over duration be come in derogatory and insulting. It has in addition been applied to the newest generation of the world. I sacrifice heard galore(postnominal) an(prenominal) comments from older folks that, those teenagers are so lazy, they confront till the last minute to do anything. But as Dennis contend comments in the teenagers defense, It isnt procrastination if you intend to do it. I hope that this doesnt become a question on the future resume. Do you procrastinate, please check yes or no. A wonderful lot of people would be out of the job very(prenominal) talented people that just have a time toilsome to become perfect. Procrastination is a way of life and a someone has to be good at it to play the lazy game.What does procrastination very mean? Ive adopted a quote that now guides my frequent life My work is best when I am under pressure. closel y of my better essays are written in the ten minutes I have before my next class period when its due. blasphemous Mr. Bush and Mrs. Swafford, and any other teacher that have been subjected to my messy belt along handwriting (not that Mr. Bush minds, Im still failing his class. And his email address is just kidding). Procrastination is character building. The rare few who stick out handle the pressure often have rushed lives, or many deadlines, whichever applies, but the point is that they understructure handle the pressure that procrastination gives and they come on top. My father designs computer boards and his superiors are often changing what they destiny the board to do, but my dad can handle those people and their austere deadlines that are ludicrous because of the little time given. But because he procrastinated in high school, he knows what to do and how to control himself in these situations. He hasnt thrown himself off a cliff yet after about ten years of the strenu ous work, that has to count for something.Procrastination is like many other things. It has its good and bad points, just like eating. A soulfulness must eat to live, but it makes people gain weight and there is a surplus of obese people in our nation, yet is also saves many lives a day like in Ethiopia. Procrastination can make or break a person. One can both handle the pressure or the person breaks completely.

Flight of the Frisbee Essay examples -- essays research papers

abstractionSpinning objects such as Frisbees possess unique fleeing characteristics. They argon in nerve centre spinning wings gliding in mid-air propelled by the forces of torque and aerodynamic lift. The relationship between Newtons Laws of social movement and the flight of the Frisbee will be discussed. This paper will attempt to bring out and show the different physical motions involved behind the spinning border of the Frisbee and the similar forces it shares with other heavier travel objects. Lastly, how major improvements in the redesign of the Frisbee contributed to its change magnitude stability and precision in its flight in the air. The Flight of the FrisbeeObjects that fly are designed to push air down. The momentum of the air red ink down is what causes Frisbees or winged objects to travel skyward. This type of force playacting on a flying disk is typically known as the aerodynamic lift (Bloomfield, 1999, p. 132). Consider a flying kite, which in essence is al so a winged object. When a kites matte bottom surfaces are angled into the wind, air gets pushed down and the kite glides upward. Kites mustiness rely on the wind to keep it suspended in mid-air, opus flying birds and insects utilize their muscular flapping motions to maintain their flight in motion. Airplanes rely on spinning propellers and turbine fans to provide adequate momentum for abridge off from the runway. With flying Frisbees, that momentum is generated primarily by the tossing power of the man arm and wrist motion. The Frisbees course of flight is directly colligate to the torque or twist force applied by the soul throwing the flying disk (Fisher & Phillips, 2003, p. 12). To narrow down more on the dilate involved in the flight of the Frisbee, there are four thorough forces that affect a flying Frisbee lift, weight, thrust, and drag. Aerodynamic lift acting on the Frisbee is considered a positive force, and happens when the Frisbee pushes down on the air, the air pushes upward on the Frisbee (Bloomfield, 1999, p. 132). This in turn causes the air pressure under the disk to be higher than the air pressure over the top of the disk, thereby creating the rear of an upward air vacuum. In order for a Frisbee to fly dead on target and stay in the air, its center of aerodynamic lift must abide near its center of gravity over a wide order of airspeeds and angles of attack. Thrust is the oth... ...the plane of the disk. A sharp ridge at the swiftness edge separates the airflow at the leading edge. These ridges act as spoilers to draw turbulent airflow, which confines the center of lift to the center of the disk. The result is an aery disk that flies better and farther than the Frisbee.In conclusion, the Frisbee is an effective perusing tool for introducing and examining the basic principles involved in the mechanics of flying winged objects. Newtons Laws of Motion is reiterated throughout its design processes, while its coat can be closely observed in its real cubic form. ReferencesAshley, S. (1995, August). Flying farther than a Frisbee. Sports Technology for Air, Land, and Tee, 89-90. Retrieved October 20, 2004, from InfoTrac database.Bloomfield, L. A. (1999, April). The flight of the Frisbee. Scientific American, 280, 132-133. Retrieved October 20, 2004, from EBSCOhost database.Fisher, D., & Phillips, T. (2003, April). propel a Frisbee into orbit. The Technology Teacher, 10-15. Retrieved October 20, 2004, from InfoTrac database. Nye, B. (2001, July 1). The flight of the Frisbee. Time, 52. Retrieved October 20, 2004, from InfoTrac database.

Ken Keseys One Flew Over The Cukoos Nest and the Movie Essay -- Film

Ken Keseys One Flew Over The Cukoos Nest and the MovieThe film magnetic declination of One Flew Over the buffoons Nest, produced by Milos Forman, contains many similarities to the bracing, but the differences are numerous to the extent that the story, written by Ken Kesey, is overlooked by any unrivall(a)ed who only saw the film. Ken Kesey wrote the novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, after experimenting with drugs and working on a psychiatric ward in 1960 and the novel was published in 1962. Kesey became a night consequent on the Menlo Park Veterans Hospital psychiatric ward so that he could concentrate on his writing. (Magill 1528) Keseys rebellious novel explores the ball of intellectual patients struggling against authority and society through incredible imagery. He was open to describe this struggle because of his personal experiences. Kesey was disturbed by the dehumanizing treatment of the patients (Beetz 3089-3090), so he decided to write this novel about them. I n his surreal lifes work, Ken Kesey has managed to capture both the gloomy foundation atmosphere and the mental patients demented attitudes. Keseys novel proclaims a absolute struggle between good and evil or the hero and the villain. This modern classic was brought to life through the film version in 1975 and is considered one of the greatest American films of all time (Dirks 1). It was the first film to uplift all the major Oscar awards. These included scoop up Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Actress, and Best Screenplay. The same name as the novel was chosen so that it would appeal to contemporary audiences, which proved to be a big germinate at the box office. Its allegorical theme is set in the world of an authentic mental hospital, a place of rebellion by a wise-guy hero against institutional authority and attitudes. (Dirks 1)The initial difference between the novel and the film is the main grammatical case. In the novel, the story is told through the eyes of the narrator, main(prenominal) Bromden. Chief Bromden is the main character and the most fully developed character in the novel. (Beetz 3089) The Chief is a supposedly deaf-mute, half-breed Indian who is a very large and decent man. He is a paranoid-schizophrenic who has been a chronic patient on the ward for fifteen years. He is known as Chief Broom, because he is constantly pushing a broom almost the ward. From the beginning, the reader... ...o is stripped of his dignity, significance, and freedom. (Magill 1531) The theme leads a person through a completely different world. A world where paranoia runs wild and chaos is second in command only to Nurse Ratched, or society and how powerful a single authority can be. Chapter by chapter and scene by scene, the biz unravels, separating truth and insanity to reveal an amazing war of the mind. The power of strict, doctrinal control, verses the power of rebellion is a strong depicted object of the 1960s and this issue works well a s the theme for the novel and film. A powerful story is told where everyones individualism is essential to life. A person must meet life on its own terms or put down their individuality, dignity, and freedom. Even though McMurphy died, his legend lives on. An individual can find reprimand with the nest or psychiatric hospitals or an individual can take hold of how all of us are trapped in a restricting and maddening nest of our own making. Although there are similarities and differences between the novel and film, it is an enjoyable version of strange human interaction with a interlocking against authority. The story is universal and it can be found in all aspects of life.

Re-viewing Summer: the Way to Highland Park, A Selection From A Walker In the City :: Kazin Summer Highland Park

Kazins Summer The Way to mountainous Parkposing on the marble steps of the old, traditional American church, I began to line up cold. Two oriental lions, carved out of old white marble, encircled me. Their faces were mean, and they seemed to be staring at something. As the beasts remained perfectly still, tiny creatures blacken ants and brown bugs in truth busily walked on their backs. As I looked approximately from my cold spot on the step, I could see an old, brick house. This house was want none other on the block. With a large American pin hanging on the door, this house a symbol of the American moon stood taller than all the other houses. My attention then shifted to two great largish evergreen trees on each facade, and the beautiful bed of flowers, of all shapes, sizes, and colors, draped tightly around the base of the house the tracings of an American summer. There was a light through the upstairs window of the house. I could see a mother sitting with her baby so n. Although all I could hear were the galore(postnominal) another(prenominal) crickets singing softly in the night, I knew that the loving mother was revealing a bedtime story to her sweet and sleepy child. My America is a very beautiful place, not only because of the big cities, tall buildings, stone statues, and reasonably flowers, but also because of the people who make America what it is today. Knowing at heart every blue, black, brown, green, and gray eye you see on the streets of America and corresponding me, every window you look through there are stories, hopes and unconstipated dreams, this thought brings me the greatest pleasure, as it did Alfred Kazin. Kazins greatest pleasure came sounding at the many historical landmarks that New York had to offer and thinking of the many people who struggled to make those astonishing contributions. In Summer The Way to Highland Park (1951), Kazin takes us into his childhood in the Brownsville section of Brooklyn, describing h is America with such tactile distinction that we too can taste the damp confection of Italian cheese and see the clumps of red and brown meat fall off the sausage rings (Kazin 332). You cannot grow up in that pattern of environment, without absorbing and re-expressing a fantastically physical world, states Kazin in an National existence Radio news recording.