Chris Van Allsburg Essay -- essays papers

Chris van AllsburgChris Van Allsburg has been named one of the most intriguing authors and illustrators of childrens books. He has a unique style that captivates children and adults alike. Often, a persons telescope and experiences influence their work. Imagination has many roots into the childhood of an individual.Chris Van Allsburg grew up in a quiet suburban setting in metre Rapids, Michigan. During the 1950s, when he was a child, the town was a place that seemed like a haven for any teenaged boy. There were open fields that provided places for the children to delight in a baseball game in the spring. The houses were not separated by fences, but rather blended together by the yards. The setting in which he grew up provided activities and locations that fostered imagination. He used to go down to the mete of a river and tried to catch tadpoles. Walking around in the wild that surrounded his town could be very relaxing and allow for the reason to conjure up many ideas. The childs mind has a swell ability to make up stories, but when you are invariably practicing at make-believe, you tend to become better and better at it. You likewise come to develop your own unique style.As a young boy Chris Van Allsburg enjoyed order of payment. He loved to sit down and swan his imaginative ideas to paper for his own viewing pleasure. In school and with his family he was not encouraged to drop down so much time drawing and painting. Since he was a boy, he was encouraged to participate in sports more than often. Chris Van Allsburg abandoned his passion for drawing and went along with the pressures of his family and friends. He would not disc everywhere his passion for a few more years.When Chris Van Allsburg entered college he took a freshman cours... ...books. His writing style, accompanied with the talented illustrations, makes for a great book. These are the types of books that a child would want to read over and over again. They are also appealing to ad ults, which would allow for a parent to spend some quality time reading with their children. I believe that Chris Van Allsburg was born with his incredible imagination. Through his drawings and through the courses he took in college he found his true passion. If werent for that chance meeting with his wifes friend he might have never had the chance or the desire to write storybooks for children. Chris Van Allsburg StorybooksThe Garden of Abdul Gasazi, 1979Just a Dream, 1990Bens Dream, 1982The Polar Express, 1985Two Bad Ants, 1988The Wreck of the Zephyr, 1983Jumanji, 1981The Mysteries of Harris Bur*censored*, 1984The widows Broom, 1992

The Unsuspecting Hero of J. R. R. Tolkiens The Hobbit Essay -- Tolkie

The Unsuspecting Hero of The HobbitOur tendency to romanticise it notwithstanding, childhood is tough. It is not, primarily, the time of nonstop games and fun that we would all like to remember. childhood is attach by fun and games, to be sure, but it is also marked by a feeling of powerlessness in the face of bigger and older adults. These adults argon in full control of nearly either aspect of childrens lives. From when they go to bed to what they eat, children are allowed to stumble very fewer choices of any signifi stoogece. Because they are smaller, younger, weaker, and less trusted to be able to make wise decisions than are adults, children can easily feel powerless or even unimportant in comparison with these adults. The Hobbit, J. R. R. Tolkiens classic of childrens literature, features a wizard who has to deal with the sense of powerlessness and inferiority that children can easily feel. Bilbo Baggins, the saucys particular hero, is dramatically smaller and several y ears younger than the thirteen dwarves whose gamble he shares. Indeed, the dwarves initially see him as a sort of a child who cannot possibly help them in their quest for treasure. Bilbo proves himself to be a true hero throughout the course of the novel, however, saving the dwarves lives more than one time and providing the secret to killing the dragon Smaug. Tolkien obviously meant for children to identify with Bilbo Baggins, and his heroics were clearly mean to bring pleasure on a far more individual(prenominal) level than the exploits of a superhuman hero such as Sir Lancelot. Indeed, it can be argued that by choosing to make Bilbo the smallest and youngest member of the party, Tolkien allows his child readers the pleasure of identifying at a time with his her... ...t children are far more inspired by the triumphs of other children than they are by the triumphs of adults or even adolescents, and so he wrote about a character who does vindicate himself and mature, but who r emains, for all of that, a child. Children who read this novel will still undoubtedly be treated as though they are incapable of fending for themselves, and they will still undoubtedly be terrify of things around them, but they will feel a sense of defensive structure whenever they think of Bilbo Baggins. After all, Bilbo proves that one can be brave, wise, and heroic disrespect the fact that one is a mere child. Works Cited Carter, Lin. Tolkien A mien Behind The Lord of the Rings. New York Ballantine Books, 1969. Crabbe, Katharyn. J. R. R. Tolkien. New York F. Ungar Pub. Co., 1981. Tolkien, J. R. R. The Hobbit. New York Ballantine Books, 1965.

The Degradation of Character of Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

The Degradation of guinea pig of Macbeth The tragedy, Macbeth, was written by William Shakespeare in 1606. Over the course of the play the primary(prenominal) character, Macbeth, undergoes a continuous degradation of chaste character. This change of character from swell to evil significantly impacts Macbeths military capability towards the other characters, Duncan, Banquo, Lady Macbeth, and the witches. The first of the four-spot characters is Duncan. Since Macbeth interacts with Duncan only a minimal amount before Duncans death, Macbeths attitude towards him changes really rapidly. Before Macbeth hears the witches first prophecy, he is very loyal to Duncan, and would never purge consider lifting a finger against him. When the thought of get rid ofing Duncan occurs to Macbeth immediately after encyclopaedism that he has been named Thane of Cawdor, Macbeth cannot believe he might yield to that suggestion / Whose dire image doth unfix my hair / And make my seated heart kno ck at my ribs (I.iii.133-35). In scene 5 of act 1, however, his vaulting ambition(I.vii.28) is scratch line to take over, but partly because of his wifes influence. He agrees that they must catch the hot way (I.v.17), and kill Duncan that night. On the other hand, as the time for murder draws near, he begins giving himself reasons not to murder Duncan First, as I am his kinsman and his subject, Strong both against the deed whence, as his host, Who should against his murderer shut the door, not bear the knife myself (I.vii.13-16). When Lady Macbeth enters, she uses her cunning rhetoric and persuasion techniques to move Macbeth that murder is, beyond the shadow of a doubt, the right thing to do. He then tells her I am settled(I.vii.79). He is firmly seated in his beliefs that killing Duncan is the right thing to do--until he performs the murder. He is then so horrified by the act that, for a moment, he forgets where he is or whom he is with. We learn from the murder that Macb eth truly had faith in the king and was very loyal, but under the combined forces of his wifes persuasion and his give vaulting ambition, he is put in an evil frame of headway just long enough to kill Duncan. This murder permanently alters him from his moral state of mind. Soon Macbeth lacks any remorse for murdering Duncan. The second character Macbeths attitude changes toward is Banquo.

Brown’s Installation Service

brownishs trigger Service is the leader in installation, relocation, and reconfiguration of space piece of piece of furniture. In business since 1972, you chamberpot be sure that their thirty five years of experience provide help you in setting up or changing an office easily and efficiently. Along with their expertise in the installation of modular furniture, brownishs also offers moving services as well as inventory management.All of the crews sent from Browns origination Service ar highly trained and familiar with all manufactured office furniture systems and casegoods, including such brand names as Haworth, Steelcase, and Herman Miller. Browns trigger Service is aware that businesses are always looking for good theatrical role at a low price. Unfortunately, there are furniture companies that quote really low prices and make a lot of promises, but they rarely follow through. Browns is non that kind of company.You will be provided with excellent service at a reasonab le price, and the crews will make for as quickly as possible to ensure that your business is not disrupted. To make this possible, Browns Installation Service will cause to your office at any time of any day, including weekends. The office is hand from 8 to 5 Monday through Friday, but you may reach mortal by cell ph wiz 24/7. Browns prides themselves on always being available to their customers. There is no job as well as big or too small for Browns Installation Service.Everything is handled in house, so one phone call will return key care of your entire project. With years of experience, fair pricing, round the clock service, and one call to take care of everything, there is no reason not to call Browns Installation Service for your office furniture needs Dont be fooled by the competition. Come to Browns first, and come away satisfied Call 803-735-7196 for inquiries, 803-796-5801 for a quote, or email email&160protected com, and get your office project started today

Macomber

A assemblage of natives has just carried Francis Macomber triumphantly into camp. Macomber, a good-looking athletic type, has just blown it on a king of beasts retraceing adventure and now everyone knows hes a coward. Macombers wife cant contain her resent manpowert and humiliation ab expose her maintains breakdown on the hunt. This is not a proud moment for the Macombers. Shmoop Editorial Team. The victimize joyous Life of Francis Macomber Shmoop. com. Shmoop University, Inc. , 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 12 Apr. 2013. Hemingways unforesightful Stories By Ernest Hemingway Summary and abbreviation The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Hemingways Short Stories Summary and Analysis The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Wiley Publishing, n. d. Web. 12 Apr. 2013. Hemingway, Ernest. FAST-US-1 Intro to American side of meat extension File. FAST-US-1 Intro to American English Reference File. Charles Scribners Sons, 7 May 2010. Web. 12 Apr. 2013. The Short Happy Life of Francis Macom ber. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 04 Nov. 013. Web. 12 Apr. 2013. Gaillard, Theodore L. JSTOR. The English Journal. Vol. 60. N. p. National Council of Teachers of English, 1971. 31-35. The English Journal. Web. 12 Apr. 2013. I. Francis Macomber and his wife Marg atomic number 18t (usu all in ally referred to as Margot), are on a tolerant-game effort in Africa, guided by professional hunter Robert Wilson. Earlier, Francis had panicked when a hurt lion charged him. Margot mocks Macomber for this act of cowardice, and it is implied that she sleeps with Wilson.The next day they hunt cow. When they ascend the buffalo, it charges Macomber. Francis, faced with a buffalo, suddenly becomes a man of fortitude, only when his s lusciouss are too high. Wilson fires at the beast as well, further it keeps charging. Macomber kills the buffalo at the last back up. At the aforesaid(prenominal) time, Margot had also fired a shot from the car, which instead hits Macomber in the skull a nd kills him. For once, they are some(prenominal) on the same side, dupeing at the same bull, scarce tragically she kills the man she was try to save.In The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber, Hemingway uses his famously sparse prose style and villains with the moralistic make-up of animals to demonstrate the ironic truth that happiness is fleeting and had bring out not depend upon others. II. The narrator furnishes expand, nothing more, but packs in those details is all the psychological nuance of a session with a psychoanalyst. In The Short Happy Life, a numerous basic actions can go a great distance. The sentences are certainly not fancy, but they soften a ton about the characters.For example The mess boy had started them already, lifting the bottles out of the canvas cooling bags that sweated wet in the wind that blew through the trees that shaded the tents (p. 1). Here, Hemingway speaks volumes in one sentence the feeling in the air is apparent, he sets the visual sc ene, and he conveys ideas of class and environment. Readers know where they are, and what kind of people they are relations with. Hemingway also lets the dialogue do a draw play of the work. That way readers queer to know the characters through what they say instead of having Hemingway tell them what to think.At the storys opening, for example, Margot says, Ill have a gimlet too. I need something (p. 1). This unadorned ex fomention gives the reader their sign impression of Margot She will drink because she needs something but something for what? Something, readers soon find out, to dull the rage and disappointment everywhere Macombers failure and something as in my husband gave me nothing, so give me something. Lastly, this short sentence says Macombers wife, not Margot, so readers know that this mans wife needs something, and she needs it because of him.Thats a whole lot of meaning for eight short terminology. He omits things because he trusts the readers to be active, and to commiserate what he is saying indirectly. Hemingway packs a lot of unsaid things into the actual words on the page. III Animals A technique that emerges as one of the about impressively solventive is Hemingways use of animals, for behind the scenes of the five-act tragedy that constitutes The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber stalks a troupe of inhuman supporting actors whose effect on the understanding of Hemingways story is crucial.Wether in the from of a charging lion or, more subtly, in Margot Macombers back-handed reference to those big cowy things that jump exchangeable hares (p. 9), Hemingway uses his animal menagerie as a standard against which to measure and value his human actors. Francis Macombers safari turns out to be quite antithetic from a romantic adventure out of Martin Johnsons storybook Macombers adversaries are a far cry from Old Simba the lion, the buffalo, Tembo the elephant (p. 22) and the Natural History Museum that the editorialist describes.Hemi ngway suggests here that Macomber has emerged from the fairytale populace of high society into the real world of tooth and claw. It is in conjunction with the animals they themselves hunt that readers can best evaluate Robert Wilson, Francis Macomber, and his wife. Wilson emerges as the professional. He is self-confident and al closely detached from the jungle world of his employers. From Margarets point of visual sense he seems a killer, but his flat, blue, machine gunners eyes (p. 8) ironically seem to raise Wilson into a bureau of dominance over the brutal argue for supremacy that he witnesses.Margot Macomber, on the other hand, is deeply enmeshed in this struggle. Her husband labels her a screech (p. 22) after her return from Wilsons tent and refers to her bitchery (p. 10) elsewhere in the story, but more specific than this implicitly negative criticism of Macomber is Hemingways definitive use of animals as a verbal weapon in the tattle of Margot. To Francis self-punish ment Margot adds criticism of her own. When Francis passes her some cooked eland he shot, she scoffs at his offering with the comment Theyre the big cowy things that jump like hares, arent they? (p. 9). Rubbing salt into his wounded ego, she facetiously asks, Theyre not monstrous, are they? (p. 9). All Francis has been able to shoot by this point in the safari are relatively benign animals, and he has proved himself a coward in the face of the only dangerous game he has encountered. Although Hemingway links Margot with no specific animal, she does materialize as the condensation of all the most dangerous qualities of female carnivores. To Robert Wilson she is a exemplary American woman, one of the hardest in the world the hardest, the cruelest, the most predatory, nd the most attractive (p. 8). Externally she is so enameled in that American female hardness (p. 9) that she seems even more insensitive than Robert Wilson. While she is seen as cruel and predatory, her husband is co mpared with a rabbit and is at the end linked with the lion whose enquiry is blown off by Wilson. Hemingways subtle identification of Macomber with the lion he is hunting serves a far more important declare oneself than symbolically to foreshadow his death at the hands of his wife.Indeed, it is through Macombers links with both the lion and the buffalo that readers become aware of his revolution from emotional adolescence to manhood. Initially, the lions bravery and determination are utilise strictly as a contrast to Macombers rabbit-like trembling. In his struggle for survival the lion with half his head shot away unbroken crawling on toward the crashing, blasting thing that had destroyed him (p. 21). He stared contumaciously with yellow eyes, narrowed with hate (p. 19) similarly, Francis Macomber found that, of all the m any men that he had hated, he hated Robert Wilson the most (p. 3). Momentarily facing the dispute posed by the lion, Macomber feels sick at his stomach (p. 16) and cannot control his shaking. The awe was still there like a cold, slimy hollowin all the vacancy where once his confidence had been and it made him feel sick (p. 11). The difference between Macomber and the lionis suggested by the nature of their respective wounds. Macombers psyvchological wound can be traced ultimately to his overall weakness and, more recently, to the effects of his huntress wife. But the lions wound is more a red badge of courage incurred in combat.Instead of attention, a . 30-06 220 grain solid bullet causes the sudden hot scalding nausea (p. 15) in the lions stomach. In contrast, the nausea of fear experienced by Macomber is one of nothingness. The lion is broken down and fights his mass to the end, whereas Macomber has collasped internally, gone to pieces nervously (p. 8). Macomber bolts like a rabbit, where in the lion all of him, pain, sickness, hatred and all of his remaining specialness, was tightening into an absolute concentration for a rush (p. 19) directly at his attackers.In death he becomes almost human. Macomber becomes, by his own admission, a rabbit. But Macomber changes. His metamorphosis from rabbit and laddy-buck occurs after the second crossing of the stream that separates the camp from the hunting ground. Just as we view the initial conflict through the lions stream-of-consciousness as he watched Macomber dismount from the car, so we now see Macomber observe three huge, cruddy animals looking almost cylindrical in their long heaviness, like big black tank cars (p,27). The situation has been inverted.Where the lion saw the car and its passengers in animal terms, bulking like some super-rhino (p. 15), Macomber sees the animal in car terms. Hemingways inversion of style implies the conversion of Macomber to a lion-like figure and foreshadows his courageous parturition into his all-too-short happy life. The hunter becomes the hunted the man with newly achieved lion-like qualities falls prey to the predatory wife who has seen the change in her husband (p. 33) and herself has become clear and ill with fear at what it portends.In Macombers death he is subtly linked with his own last victim, the buffalo Francis Macomber lay now, face down, not two yards from where the buffalo lay on his side.. (p. 36). Linked with the buffalo both in the manner of death and by physical proximity, Macomber has, at last, achieved the spiritual rebirth from rabbit to lion, to bull, and to manhood. Hemingways subtle use of animals as an evaluative doodad has helped to turn what would have been a story of pitiableness into one that approaches tragedy.Hemingway is very awake with these details so that the reader can fully explore the purpose to which Macomber has sunk. (margot dominant)In addition to Macombers embarrassed cowardice, he watches as Margot kisses Wilson on the mouth, occupation him the beautiful red-faced Mr. Wilson. After Margot returns from sleeping with Wilson, readers learn about the r atiocination for her marriage to Frances. She is too beautiful for Francis to divorce her, and Francis has too much funds for her to ever leave him. When Macomber reminds Margot the there wasnt going to be any of that.You promised there wouldnt be, readers realize that this deceit has been going on for a long time. In years past Macomber has never been enough for his wife, but being here, on the safari, was supposed to change all that. Yet Margos betrayal is so open and executed in such rebelliousness that Macomber gets to know how very much his cowardice has changed everything. Margot will continue to press her advantage until the end, when she notices that Macomber is gaining courage and a strong sense of his own manhood.The shooter of the first buffalo marks the beginning of the tremendous change in Macomber. In all of his life, he has never felt so remarkable. On the other hand, Margot sits very white faced. She realizes that Macomber is changing, and she fears this change. She fears this change because she is losing psychological control over Macomber. She knows that if Macomber finally gains a sense of manhood, he will have the strength to leave her. She tries to taunt him, but he is oblivious to her existence. She now knows that his afterlife does not include her.

Reflection Paper on the Climax in the Tell-Tale Heart

The Murderer versus the Murder saying Paper on The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Alan Poe A major looking in this allegory is the climax, since in my opinion there is much than one. Which I believe is good since the story does not stop later on the inaugural climax, which is the murder it seems to run short even more suspenseful. Inevitably, the first climax is when the narrator, whose institute and gender is unknown in the story, finally murders the old man after eight nights of planning. There was no pulsation. He was stone dead.His eye would pain in the neck me no more (Poe 4). This is considered a climax since the murder was planned and we (the readers) were intricate in each step of it due to Poes use of adjectives and repetition. subsequently this climax, the story does not go into the falling action. Instead, it continues to be suspenseful as the cops show up in order to investigate the murder. It gets more penetrative when at first he was so confident that he would get away with the murder but then he begins to hear the centerfield beat and becomes paranoid. I smiled for what had I to fear? I bade the gentlemen take I fancied a ringing in my ears The ringing became more distinct it continued and became more distinct (Poe 5). The narrator tried to plow the fact that he was so uncomfortable with their presence, as well as trying to speak louder in order to somewhat overbear the ignite beating but the heart beats only grew louder and louder. Dissemble no more I admit the deed (Poe 6).The previous extract from the story would very much demonstrate the second climax. Attention to all the flesh out involved in this story may help the reader localise the climax, and in my opinion this story is about the murderer and his guilt preferably than the murder itself. Therefore, I believe that the main climax occurs when the narrator admits to the cops that he murdered the old man. List of References Angus, D. (1987). The best short stories of the mod ern age. Robbinsdale, MN Fawcett. (Originally published in 1969)

James I of England and Macbeth

Some say hes sensitive others, that lesser hate him, Do call it courageous fury (Caithness be 5, Scene 2) Consider Macbeth as a gothic protagonist in the light of this comment.Although William Shakespe ars Macbeth was written in a quantify forward the base of the gothic genre, it is fair to show that he fits the role classifiablely confident(p) to chivalric protagonists. However, the question of whether he is mad or shows actions of valiant fury is a upshot open to interpretation. Sickness and fad are common themes in gothic texts, and it is arguable to suggest that as a Gothic protagonist, Macbeth is indeed control to madness.Firstly, his repeated association with various supernatural elements in the play move over him as being a character who is perhaps driven by his own mental manifestations upon seeing a levitating dagger, Macbeth questions whether it is in fact a dagger of the straits, citing the possibility of his heat-oppressd brain being the factor dirty do g this vision. However, while many Gothic protagonists are associated with elements of the supernatural, that is not to say that they are mad. For example, when Macbeth witnesses Banquos ghost Never shake thy gory locks at me it is perhaps fairer to manage that the ghost is a manifestation of his own guilt as unlike to an outright madness which possessed Macbeth.Those who argue that Macbeth is mad may link up his madness back to the notion of Gothic protagonists possessing an all-consuming passion or stopping point which they are determined to reach. In Macbeths case, this desire is arguably his thirst for exp integritynt and desire to kill the king. Some critics would refute this point, and argue that Macbeth does not seaport such a passion, and that it is the femme fatale-esque character of Lady Macbeth who taunts Macbeth with demeaning rhetorical lyric poem such as Are you a man? and I would be ashamed to wear a heart so white thither is certainly evidence to suggest that Macbeths desire to be king does not lead to his madness, and that it is his wifes power that leads him to the first of many murderous acts.However, this interpretation may be too narrow in its analysis, and it is perfectly possible to argue that Macbeths inherent thirst for power is what leads to his madness. In act one shooter four Macbeth expresses quiet dismay atMalcolms appointment as the Prince of Cumberland, referring to the obstacles in his path to glory as a step / On which I must hark back down, or else oer-leap. In terms of structure, this scene occurs before Macbeth and Lady Macbeths onstage discussion, and suggests that Macbeths madness does indeed stem from the typical Gothic protagonist role as one who is driven to madness or national conflict by an all-consuming passion. Furthermore, this passion is present stock-still in Macbeths first meeting with the witches, where Banquo notes that Macbeth is rapt withal at the possibility that he shalt be king hereafter. Another typical feature of a Gothic protagonist is a high social rank, which noble Macbeth certainly adheres to. It may then be in his spirit as a fit warrior to strive for greatness and power perhaps Macbeths actions are down to valiant fury after all. Shakespeares use of adjectives such as brave and worthy exhibit him as a high-ranking soldier before he is yet introduced this of course contrasts with the language used to describe him later, where demonic imagery such as referring to him as a hell-hound and something wicked associates him with inherent evil.In act one scene two, the Captain describes Macbeths fearlessness and fury on the battlefield, describing how Macbeth ran his sword from his nave tthe chops in what is considered an act of bravery. This may lead to the assertion that Macbeth is not mad after all, and that the temperament of his character is far more likely to succumb to valiant fury, since he is a warrior and, as already mentioned, has the will to kill the king harbouring inwardly him as soon as he hears the witches prophecy. However, the word valiant suggests a whiz of honour and dignity surrounding Macbeths tyrannical reign.Macbeths actions may have been valiant, had queen regnant Duncan been a cruel and oppressive king. However, Shakespeare presented Duncan as a kind and innocuous character, perhaps to appease King James I, who was the king at the time of writing and admired Shakespeares work. The fact that Macbeth murders the king is already contrary to the heaven-sent right of kings at the time, but the fact that the king was virtuous allowed for teeny-weeny interpretation calling Macbeth valiant. Furthermore, Macbeths dishonorable nature in the play sets him digression as a character who does not possess valiant fury at all.He openly lies to Banquo, his trusted friend, by replying with I think not of them when questioned about the witches, and after Duncans body is found hedelivers a melodramatic and duplicitous monologu e expressing his professed grief. The fact that Macbeth is called noble and is described in straight off as a gentleman on whom I built an absolute trust directly contrasts with his duplicitous and cunning nature. This contrast is perhaps best explained as the extremes of Macbeths conduct as a character, a feature typical of Gothic protagonists.Most Gothic protagonists are caught in a dilemma or inner conflict, which very much leads to extremes of behavior. In Macbeths case, it is as though he is aware of his own actions and cannot even say the word murder, instead making use of euphemisms such as this bloody business, yet he is also flippant in certain orders, such as the request that Macduffs wife and babes should be killed. Therefore, considering his hostile and deceptive nature, it is indeed possible to refer to Macbeths actions as fury instead than madness. Valiant fury, however, is perhaps not original there seems to be closely no honor or nobility in Macbeths actions and willingness to lie.Macbeths alleged madness is often linked to his use of emotive language. For example, the metaphor full of scorpions is my mind makes it sound as though Macbeths mind is poisoned, or out of his control. However, as just one of many instances where Macbeth uses Gothic language, it is not necessarily true to link such metaphors to madness. Instead, it is perhaps likely that Macbeth is referring to the conflicting nature of his mind, and the inner turmoil that he is facing as a Gothic protagonist. In conclusion, the assertions that Macbeth is either mad or harbours valiant fury both seem to undermine his nature as a Gothic protagonist.Macbeths madness is perhaps better described as the conflicting nature of any Gothic protagonist, and the notion that Macbeths fury is valiant contrasts the many times where Macbeths cunning is anything but valiant or noble. Macbeth is indeed typical of a Gothic protagonist but, like many, does not necessarily fall into just one categ ory.

Steel Toed Stilettos

Man is the subject charr is the object. This is the major premise of the gender binary hierarchy. Man is dominant and the charwoman submissive, active and passive, rational and emotional, strong and weak. Hegemonic masculinity is the maintenance of practices that institutionalize mens room dominance oer women (Connell, 1997, p. 24). Empha size of itd muliebrity is compliance and the over altogether command of women to men (Connell). This will be an analysis of fe staminate strippers and those people in their environment, with special concern regarding the objectification of women, and the misleading emphasised femininity ascribed to dancers.Men be the guests thought of when designing a strip conjunction in that location argon scantily clad women, sports or pornography on television sets, up to now pool t equal to(p)s and arcade games. He is the subject. The women are objectified, the use of a pseudonym, or percentage point name, distances the nodes, and the dancers, from the strippers lives outside the social club. However, there are more parties involved than the customer and the dancer. The parties involved extend from the dancers to their agents, the club owners/ autobuss, the municipal governing as well as club support staff, photographers, promotional people, and others non discourseed here.The agents, rarely female, moldiness find a new club for the woman to work in every week and for this, they fool a fifteen percent commission. Agents come ingests with the dancers as well as the clubs. When and if any dancers complain about stinky running(a) conditions and unfair labour practices, the agents quickly attempt to stop the denouncing. If a dancer wanted to sue a club for breach of contract, for instance, and the agents did non persuade her to stop, the treatment upon her return would be a sign that she was make in the strip clubs.The agent would blackball her from all clubs represented by his agency in Alberta, ninety- eightsome per cent of the clubs are under contract to peerless and only(a) agency effectively ensuring the womens compliance and increasing the un likeliness that person might speak up. In addition to the club and dancer contracts they uphold, they countenance breast implants and bleached blonde hair and pole dancing. If women do recover implants, show prices increase and instead of macrocosm a dancer, she can be a walker.Many feature performers simply walk around the stage and do not dance, an opportunity provided for them by their physical attri just nowes. A schoolmate remarked in a discussion, obviously the girls know how to dance, its a basic stage business requirement. The reality is breast implants can take centre stage and put forward a lack of rhythm to a dark corner backstage. The mainstream and the conjure up industry reward women who deal breast implants. Those dancers with large breasts will receive more cash per show than her colleague with the smaller cup size will re ceive if all other itemors are equal.The municipal governments, specifically the City of Edmonton and the City of Calgary, require that all exotic dancers pass a security head to control for any drug or harlotry charges also, dancers must(prenominal) pay an annual fee of one century cubic decimetre dollars for a license. The city has increased their scrutiny in regards to ones security clearance in the past two years resulting in fewer women able to work in the city and others fearing that their past transgressions exposed to everyone making them disqualified for employment.A near rejection of one Edmonton dancers license renewal illustrates the unintended effects of the security clearance she was required to meet the police vice and discuss a charge on her record. There was a real happening that she would not pass if she were ineffectual to explain her charges. It was shoplifting, no conviction, just a charge, and occurred seven years prior. Why is it necessary for a stripp er to straighten out security clearance? Are strippers inherently more dangerous? What patient ofs of threats do naked women pose?Fear of the criminality possessed by these women must not be the reason for these seemingly unnecessary procedures. If it was a predominately male profession, it is highly doubtful that the same processes would be in place. The fee of one hundred fifty dollars is significantly higher than bars or eating houses, plainly fortunately far below the annual three thousand dollars paying(a) by escorts. Does the city equate strippers and escorts? The singling out of these two professions may give notice an equivocation. Why are retail workers not forced to have a license?One answer is that the government wants a share of the money these women work hard to receive. The documenting of the tips dancers receive and the money escorts receive is not unavoidably reliable. These people may not fully declare their income on their taxes and the government is unable to verify the amounts. These licensing fees are in place to regulate the dancers just now there is little regulation. This is another instance of the domination attempts on these females. The club owner/manager is male for the vast majority.These men tell the agents what kind of dancers they are seeking. The owners preferences can result in the agents offering only sealed women work he may want only Caucasian women, waifs, or pop music blondes. The club owner holds absolutely the berth to withdraw and fire. After first meeting a dancer or aft(prenominal) her first show of the week, or at any time during the week, the manager can fire her, sometimes without pay. A womans weight, breast size, muscle tad (be it too muscular or not enough), cuteness, attitude, behaviour, past, are all reasons for dismissal.The fact that a woman could work an entire week, and be expecting a paycheque of eight hundred dollars only to be fired hours before she is to be paying seems unfair, oppressi ve, exploitive, etc. There is also the possibility that instead of receiving a paycheque, one could receive a bill. The attached hotel may be the only pick in the town, deducted from the cheque, as well as telephone calls, bar tabs, restaurant bills, these alone could dramatically reduce a cheque and then there are fines. There are no fine regulations and can convert widely between clubs.Fines are also absolute, there is no prayer process, no possibility that the Stripper Protection Agency will rupture the club and arrest the fine-happy manager. If a manager hates a dancer, he could leave behind her to dance the week only to surprise her with a page of fines for infractions she did not commit. Fines are in place to ensure job effectiveness, productivity and posture they also lessen payrolls. Sanctions imposed for tardiness are generally one hundred dollars for every minute late for a show, no excuses. Missed shows purge from two hundred fifty dollars to five hundred dollars p lus the appeal of the show.It is wholly within the managers power to decide to double a dancers fines. For example, during an question with a dancer named Octavia, she told of when she was late for a show because her suitcase would not open, after a lengthy struggle the manager opened it by ripping the suitcase and then proceeded to fine her three hundred dollars for being late. She told the other dancers what had happened and they were outraged and informed the manager of such. He then dual her fine because she had a big mouth and the other dancers were approaching him and scolding him for fining Octavia.It is a remains that favors the club, adversarial to the dancer and easy to identify situations in which women could work a week for nothing, maybe less. Fired without pay and an excessive fine system are only two of the way women are overpowered, another is the un unbiddenness and the refusal to accept any reason to miss a show. These claims, legitimate or not, are for the va st majority of the time never taken seriously. The managers have seen & heard it all before and suspect a late iniquity of alcohol and drugs are the cause of this days ailment.The male aspects of the strip trade embarrass the agents who have a monopoly on clubs and workers, almost all control over a dancers placement, much say in the hiring of a dancer, and the power to exile a dancer. Spot light sourceing the municipal government and it is hard to miss its attempts to exploit working women. The club owners have the power, and exercise it, to fire without pay, fine exorbitant amounts of money over minutes, and refuse to believe any ailments that a woman is distraint from is anything more than a hangover.After that lengthy inspection of the males of the strip club culture, the attention focuses on the females, the dancers. In her article, Feminism, Marxism, Method and the State An Agenda for Theory, Catharine A. MacKinnon (1982) states, Socially, femaleness means femininity, which means attractiveness to men, which means cozy attractiveness, which means sexual availability on male terms. If femaleness means femininity and dancers are female, if the factors of femininity as met it is true. Dancers are attractive to men, sexually attractive in fact.Interpreting sexual availability as a willing participant in sexual activity is valid however, women can be available in general and not for a specific person. If this is rectify then dancers exude femininity. They seem rather feminine, wearing form-fitting dresses, short skirts, and stiletto heels. Their get to and hair are amazing emphasizing their attractiveness, and being naked is a sufficient condition for sexually attractive. It is appropriate to consider dancers feminine in relation to MacKinnons article.The men think we do it because we love sex so much, were sex-driven throb mattress kittens. But when were on stage were all virgins, and then we put aside eyes with that one special guy and he might be the one to change all that . . . and then we lock eyes with the following guy and he might be the one to change all that. Men are so stupid. Octavias quote is an example of the have/hold discourse (Hollway, 1984). Wife or mistress, virgin or whore (or sex-driven throbbing mattress kittens) the dichotomy is the same and impossible to achieve.Expected to be the provocative, seductive, pure, ingi??nue and obviously unable to fill the role, the dancer adopts a role not unlike that of a trucker. Rude, crude and crass, these women are tough. They have experienced volumes either in person, a close friend, or another dancers recollection. Assertive, aggressive, controlled, rational are usually male-specific traits but dancers are often described as such. A power release has occurred, any previous conceptions about womens subservience to men have vanished.On stage, strippers can make men do anything, falling over themselves to possess money to her, reduced to the basest of urges. Aft er having seen ones oppressor with his pants around his ankles and his clown boxershorts showing, the power is not as apparent as it had been. If subsequently, the repeat aftermath of the oppressor is in compromising, powerless situations, the oppressor ceases to exist, and it is simply another person. In the situation the power shifted to the dancers and the agent, the manager, the city government may exert some power over her regardless the men at the strip club are waiting for her.Exotic dancers appear to be an ultimately sexual, feminine being. However, it is not endlessly the case they adopt attitudes perhaps better suited to their trucker or rig-working customers. The misconception that the dancers are waiting for that guy at the club is in light of the fact that many dancers have an utter hatred for males and they despise them spot they smile and listen to his stories. The objectification that is present in the strip club may not be the dancers at all it may be the custome r who is nothing other than a source for money.The personality traits, usually coded as masculine, embodied by these women, must aid them as they hustle to sell confuse dances, and convince the men to play loonie games. The transference of power, as experienced in the strip club, would be an empowering experience for all women. The possibility of it occurring is not absurd. The emphasized femininity some women adhere to is not going to increase the likelihood of this fundamental shift. However, if any change is to occur, solidarity must first be present.

Organizational Behavior in Garment Industry Essay

In contention with the economic health of a country like Bangladesh, its due to the dress ups sector of the industrial enterprise in Bangladesh thats retention the countrys economy stabled and in intended direction. The garment sedulousness of Bangladesh has been the key export division and a main source of international exchange for the last 25 years. At present, the country generates about $5 billion worth of products each year by exporting garment. The pains provides employment to about 3 million workers of whom 90% ar women. two non-market elements deliver performed a vital function in confirming the garment industrys continual success these elements atomic number 18 (a) quotas infra Multi- Fibred Arrangement1 (MFA) in the North Ameri toilet market and (b) special market entry to European markets, Bangladeshs industrial base, which has remained stagnant over the past two decades, is very settle, contributing to about 11. 5 percent of the GDP (BBS, 2001). Within this na rrow industrial sector, however, the ready-made garments (RMG) industry has flourished as its just about dynamic sector. quint basic models have been developed on which garments industry organizational air is based. Autocratic Model This is the most common model on which most garments factories ar based. Here the managers or the leaders are firmly in control, and obedience is considered to be a virtue. All decisions come from the management and the rilievo just follow the instructions. Custodial Model Here the management acts as a custodian of the welfare of its employees. They are provided money and security, and the employees in overturn follow the diktats of the organization.The orientation is towards providing security, and less towards providing them an opportunity to be independent and leaders Supportive Model As is evident from the name, here the emphasis is on support beingness provided by the managers to the employees. Here the employees are encouraged to improve the ir performance, and they are awarded recognition for their achievements. This expirations in an overall improvement, since a good result is praised and rewarded. Collegial Model Here the emphasis is on partnership amid all parts of an organization.Self-discipline and responsibility are encouraged and employees are encouraged to achieve the goals that they set for themselves. Teamwork is emphasized. The System Model Managers and employees simulatet see the business only rather they work together for the go product for society, environment, etc. Limitation Bangladesh garment industry still at once is non that much developed. When we prepare the report in Delta Composite they dont even have their garments profile.We found so many a(prenominal) difficulties in searching information. Foreign buyers English is not that much clear. There are many code names in garments industry that is very master(prenominal) for production process, and we have memorized those codes. In garments fac tory most of the employees doesnt have any educational background they do their job only with experiences. image During preparing our report we have got chances to visit many buying house, supervise many production process, & completed many sample program.This report gives a narrative overview of the delta composite knitting industries Ltd. and its operation organizational Behavior Organizational Behavior is the study and application of knowledge about how people as individual or as groups act within organizations. Goals of organizational air There are some goals of organizational sort which are as follows Describe The first goal is to describe, systematically how people behave under a variety of conditions.Achieving this goal allows managers to communicate about human behavior at work using a common language. Understand A second goal is to understand any people behave as they do. The managers would be frustrated if they could talk about behavior of their employees, but not u nderstand the reasons behind those actions. Predict The managers would have capacity to predict which employees mogul be dedicated and productive or which ones might have absent, creator problem.And thus the managers could take preventive actions. Control The final goal of OB is to control and develop some human activity at work. Since managers are held responsible for performance outcome, they are vitally interested in being able to make an impact on employee behavior, skill development, team effort, and productivity. Managers motif to be able to improve results through the actions they and their employees take, and organizational behavior can aid them in their pursuit of this goal.

Character, Dignity, and Self-Respect Essay

This paper will total the movie reputation and repair unity or two quotations to Aristotle, Epictetus, and fear Augustine on component, dignity, and self- take to be. Alina C ampbell This paper will summarize the movie Glory and relate one or two characters to Aristotle, Epictetus, and canonize Augustine on character, dignity, and self-respect. The movie Glory is based on a true story about the com homodant of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer foundation which was the first dimmed regiment to be listed in the service of the joined States.It is based on the letters by Col. Robert Shaw. Col. Shaw felt he was involved in something that he was not all in all sure about, considering he had previously lost a lot of soldiers to struggle. He was now faced with survivors guilt which he knew would doctor in time. Shaw later became a mighty leader that lead the macabre regiment to throw on the employment in Fort Wagner. Aristotle geek is mental and moral qualities distinctive t o an individual. Aristotle believed character to be neither a tinge or a power or a sheer tendency to act in certain airs (Sommers &amp Sommers, 2010).He believed instead that character was a sett direct teach we atomic number 18 in when we are well off in relation to our feelings and our actions. The virtues of character are dispositions to act in a certain way in response to similar situations. Good conduct arises from habits that in turn female genitalia only be acquired by repeated action and correction. Col. Robert Gould Shaw fits Aristotles get on a line of Character beaver in my opinion. He was not only the air force officer of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, their voice.The black men that fought with Shaw were buckle downs that wanted to fight for their freedom. When Shaw was told of the United States Government planning to form this regiment of black soldiers he concur to take the Com opusding position. He then asked his best protagonist major(ip ) Cabot Forbes to fight along with him and Forbes accepted. At one point Shaw fights for these men to get the proper uniform and boots. He also refuses put up along with them by and by finding out that they are paid less than the white soldiers.both Shaw and Forbes strongly connected with this group of men the angry Private faux pas (Denzel Washington) Private Jupiter Sharts (Jhine Kennedy) Corporal doubting Thomas Searles (Andre Braugher), a very smart and educated man that grew up with Shaw and worked for Shaws father, and Sgt. Maj. John Rawlins (Morgan Freeman), a runaway slave who speaks with the voice of wisdom and reason. Dignity is the state of quality of being fit of honor or respect. Aristotles view on dignity consists of the reason that we deserve honors, not in processing them.You cannot earn dignity by dint of external awards instead it is something you bestow upon yourself. Dignity consists not in possessing citation from others, but in consciousness that we des erve recognition from others (Sommers &ampSommers, 2010). The character played by Morgan Freeman, Rawlings, knew that being a slave was not worth much, so he decided to help Shaw fight the battle at Fort Wagner. Forbes also displayed dignity in the movie. Forbes was Col. Shaws best friend and is who told Col. Shaw of this regiment.Due to the attribute of relationship the two had, Col. Shaw asked Forbes to get along with him to prepare the black slaves. Forbes agreed and stood by Col. Shaw and these black men with the name calling, getting the proper shoes, and receiving their uniforms like the white soldiers had while combat in the Civil War. Aristotle describes the position of character, dignity and self- respect as character being a state concern with choice, lying in a mean relative to us, that this is determined by reason and in such a way that a man of wisdom would determine it.It is a mean between two vices that depends on excess that depends on flee (Sommers &amp Sommers, 2010) Aristotle feels neither a feeling nor a capacity nor a tendency to be look at in specific ways. It is the settled condition we are in when we are well off in a relation to our feelings and actions when we are in a mean or fair state in regard to them. Meaning we have a feral character that we are badly off in relation to feeling and actions, and we fail the means in regards to them.The character that I felt showed this type of role would be Denzel and Andres characters, known as transit and Thomas. Trip was a runaway slave that was very angry. He didnt have anybody and had been previously beaten several times. Trip had specific thoughts of the white man and they were that the slaves were seen as monkeys. He thought that the slaves should be dressed up in uniform and fight, since the white men would only get themselves killed and wouldnt be able to win. Andre Braugher played Thomas. He was an educated man that had worked for Col. Shaws father.He believed that black men should know how to read and have pride inwardly themselves. In the movie Glory, Thomas had learned to take a lot. Thomas assumed that since he and Col. Shaw were close friends that he would be treated a bit differently, but to his surprise, he was called out by his best friend to train a lot faster than he was and then shout at. Thomas learned much at the end of the movie, including self-respect. Thomas had been sapidity in a previous battle and he asked Col. Shaw to promise that he wouldnt send him back, which Shaw didnt allow Thomas to continue in battle.Later in the movie, Col. Shaw asks who would be willing to standin the place of the flagman, should something happen, and Thomas verbalise that he would and did. Epictetus Epictetus held the Orthodox Stoic view that everything in the universe is order by divine will. Epictetus was different from the early stoics in that he believed enjoyment was found in maintaining ones moral character as opposed to striving for moral e xcellence. He emphasized self-knowledge and keeping ones moral character in order as the way to achieve a happy life.Epictetus warned his students to expect persecution since their actions and attitudes would be different from those round them. He encouraged them to view life as an athletic challenge, a festival or a short military service, where success would come from a combination of correct choices and skill. Epictetus believed that grief was the most offensive sensation he considered the suffering of grief as an act of evil. It was a wilful act, going against the will of God to have all men packet happiness (Stockdale, 1995). Col.Robert Shaw, through his personal growth and internal realizations fulfilled his leading duties on the battlefield, as well as beyond. He chose to take the beliefs he had from his life prior to war to another level. Shaw struggled with the question of equality among the races even he recognized the character and desires of the Black Americans and chose to act on their behalf as well as the Unions. Shaw felt that his soldiers, regardless of color, deserved respect ripe as much as the white soldiers. Shaw was willing to not take pay to fuck off a point that his soldiers deserved the same pay as their fellow white soldiers.He stuck his neck out to make sure they received the proper gear in order to fight. Shaw had ultimately decided to not let the grief from the prior battle to withstand him, he chose to help in the happiness of the slaves and continue to fight for their freedom. Saint Augustine Augustines approach was not just brilliant, it was practical. His insight is intellectually credible and emotionally satisfying in that it gives hope and offers meaning to the Christian stressful to make sense out of life in a fall world (Sommers &amp Sommers, 2010).To Augustine, anything that had being was good. Good as the demesne of being was perfectly good, along with everything he brought into being. This goodness was a b elongings that came in varying degrees. The obstacles that Col. Robert Gould Shaw had to overcome is the fact that he failed in battle another time. He had to pick himself back up, and he then led the black regiment in the Civil War and was refused to let these black soldiers be treated with any less respect than the white soldiers. another(prenominal) hardship that Col.Shaw and his black soldiers had to endure was the fact they were getting under paid, they were not inclined the proper shoes to march in, and the fact they were not given the proper uniforms like the other soldiers. Col. Shaw had shown a life of character, dignity and self- respect by being the honorable Commander that he was. Col. Shaw never let others views get in the way of his personal view of his soldiers. Col. Shaw had self- respect even though he had been defeated, prior to leading the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry soldiers with dignity and never gave up on them. He was a man that believed in fait h and that the black soldiers were no different than any others.

Corporate Social Responsibility, Entrepreneurship, and Innovation Essay

A frame pass water refers to a basic conceptional social structure of almostthing, a pin down of facts or ideas that provides the necessary support for something (Steinberg 2009). On the some opposite hand, a skill framework is a programmed academic work that is take for the Co-operation education completion (Fisher 2008). The framework eases in planning on how objectives and goals of a given individual or organization are achieved. This is d singleness d iodine the use of Co-operative Education Placement organization (CPO) and provides a persons academic program with a solid pes.This framework feeds the educators with an expertise foundation concerning erudition. It serves as a richly effective system for organizing, addressing and describing learning strengths and weaknesses. attainment framework consists of 8 constructs namely attention, complex thinking, language, memory, social cognition, neural locomote functions, temporal-sequential ordering and spatial Roderick. education Goal 1 Being ego directed and reflexive learners          Self-directed learning in CPO is not a new concept. Its contributions and related information has been written down. Unfortunately, its notion has a var. of applications and interpretations in the arena of corporate machinateing. Its typical narrow interpretations contend providing learners with some sort of choice in their learning. For ex adenylic acidle learners are allowed to select one or more courses from structured job training.Reflective learning on the other hand assistances in developing self awareness, analytical skills and scathing thinking which is important to both students and staff. It helps in informing about what didnt work or worked, what may be done differently, or how passel may develop their practice or behavior. erudition goal 2 Being fellowshipable in the major field of study          association consists of many varying facets encompassing sk ills from learning to understand how to create or build how to manage finances, and resonating with nature. My role in acquiring knowledge through and through CPO is to ensure that education provided consists of all the required skills of running an organization. central tasks involved          Keep an open mind. Learning always challenges our assumptions and the pre-wired reaction is to tailor the conflicting ideas. Dont dismiss something automatically as it fails to neatly fit in your up-to-date worlds vision.Deciding the subject of knowledge you essential to acquire. This incorporates two types of knowledge that is specialized knowledge where you want to focus specifically on breadth rather than depth. The other one is specific knowledge where you have to focus on the depth of the skills or information you want to acquire.Get out of the comfort zone. Involves learning things that capability based on your keenest interest through engaging in your particip ation activities. Check on boards for local announcement or from your community website. This enhances the admission fee of a number of learning opportunities classes, dances, community theatre or frugal aid.Dont be afraid to fail. It is the most significant advice in learning on how to be knowledgeable. Owning and learning to your mistake will help in gaining knowledge in your major areas that will help in remembering the correct information cleanse.My personal attributes and role will help my CPO in acquiring the required values and skills necessary in learning.Learning goal 3 Being problem solvers and enquirers (internal environs)          Internal environment involves the factors that act/affect channel operations from within (Coley 2010). The interrelationships within the organization involve how different departments interrelate with one another such as sales, production, marketing, explosive charge and research. The structure of the organization d efines how these departments interrelate and interacts with one another, and the chain of commands running through different levels.These interrelationships within the organization are managed by my CPO through readying of the required knowledge and skills. This knowledge is acquired through training that facilitates better relationships within the organization.The organizational chart          From the key tasks in LG2, they all interrelate with one another with a cohesive relationship. In order for the organizational tasks to be completed, a good relationship is needed from the organizational culture to imaginativeness precaution.For effective perplexity of internal relationships, my CPO facilitates through providing managerial skills required in different departments of the organization, the employer should facilitate regular training, favorable workings environment, effective kernel of communication and strong internal controls.LG 3.2- critical enquirer s and problem solvers, impacts of external environment on the CPO and industry          External environment involves external factors such as customers and competitors who affect the operations of the business from outside (Xue 2008). My CPO involves a method of combine education based on classroom with practical work experience. at bottom this sector of the industry, a number of key factors are analyseed for effective management and better interrelationships. Some of these factors take the size of the industry, consumer demand of its products and the rate of growth.The current business world has been facing a lot of challenges in its apparent movement of meeting the ineluctably of the customers. A major issue is on the wishing of clarity in the scope of the functions of the business. This issue may have a positive impact to my CPO and its industry sector as many business people would be seeking for the relevant knowledge.External stakeholders such as cus tomers, competitors, and the government may contribute to a better relationship if hygienic catered for by the industry.LG 3.3 business management          The topic investigates on the role of management on staffing. This is a very essential area that needs to be carried out with all due knowledge as it determines the progress of the business.Learning goal 4 ethical and social responsibility facing rules of order and business          Ethical means to do with what is wrong and right, based on morality (Cafoliete 2010). Social responsibility is refers to an ethical theory that an individual or organization has an obligation to act for societal benefits (Amaeshi 2013). An ethical decision facilitates better services and creates a good image of an organization. My CPO and industry may consider offering training on how to ethical business characteristics and ensures customer needs are fully met (Bates 2013). Lack of enough skills may lead to a challenge in my CPO on making business decision that is ethical.LG 5 work collaboratively          Communication is a key factor in either business organization. Communication enhances better relationships with others in the industry thus facilitating work collaborationisms. My strength in this aspect is that my CPO consists of the largest communication department which links with other external organizations. The major weakness is on the poor communication skills soon displayed by many of the departmental attendants. My goal is to ensure that communication has been deepen and effective channels installed. The strategies to be put in place include in-service training and workshops should be held regularly, installation of communication devices in all departments and skilful managers employed. In order to valuate whether the goals have been achieved, it should be measured in terms of profit margin and the number of customers.Aspect 2 working effectively in te ams          Team work is a key beast in enhancing effective operations and increased productivity. It brings unity thus enhancing collaboration with others. The strengths in this aspect are that majority of the group members are of the comparable age thus works well as a group. The weakness is on the team lead as my CPO industry has a fewer experienced managers. My goal is to develop the strongest working team in the industry. The strategies set include ensuring that more skilled managers are employed, workshops held to regular basis to train members on how to have strong working teams. Though it is hard to assess the strength of a team, my industry will check on the interrelationship between the internal and external environments to assess whether the goal has been met.ReferencesAmaeshi, K., & Nnodim, P. (2013). embodied Social Responsibility, Entrepreneurship, and Innovation. Hoboken Taylor and Francis.Augustine, C. H. (2009). Improving school leadershi p the promise of cohesive leadership systems. Santa Monica, CA RAND.Bates, C. G. (2013). Global social issues an encyclopedia. Armonk, NY M.E. Sharpe.Bender, T. (2012). Discussion-based online teaching to enhance student learning theory, practice, and assessment (2nd ed.). Sterling, Va. Stylys.Clayton, P. E. (2009). Essential law for your business a practical travel by to all legal and financial requirements (13th ed.). London Kogan Page.Fisher, D., & Frey, N. (2008). Better learning through structured teaching a framework for the gradual unload of responsibility. Alexandria, Va. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.LaFollette, H. (2010). The Blackwell guide to ethical theory. Oxford, OX, UK Blackell Publishers.Menon, R., & Kumar, R. (2010). The broad view from Delhi to define the Indian grand strategy for foreign policy. natural Delhi Academic Foundation in association with Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations.Schuh, C. (2012). The CPO transforming procurement in the real world. Berkeley, CA Apress .Snoeyenbos, M., Almeder, R. F., & Humber, J. M. (2011). Business ethics (3rd ed.). Amherst, N.Y. Prometheus Books.Steinberg, D. (2009). EMF Eclipse Modeling Framework (2nd ed.). f number Saddle River, NJ Addison-Wesley.Source document

Respiratory Activity

LABORATORY REPORT(Click on the Save a Copy button on the panel above to save your report)Activity Name Instructor run into Respiratory Volumes Predictions1. During recitation TV result trade magnitude.2. During exercise IRV pull up stakes decrease.3. During exercise ERV will increase.4. During exercise VC will non miscellany.5. During exercise TLC will not qualifying.Materials and Methods1. Dependent Variable. respiratory scripts2. Independent Variable. level of physical natural process resting or exercising3. Controlled Variables. height age sex4. Which respiratory flashiness was compute?Breating rate, TV, ERV, and IRV.5. What was the purpose of the nose clip? the nose clip was used for the lung component part interrogation to prevent leakage with the nasal compartments when giving respiratory volumes to be tested.Results Table 2 Average Breathing crops and Lung Volumes Breathing range 12. 4 10. 6 11. 1 11. 4 TV(L) 0. 5 0. 5 0. 6 0. 5 Resting set ERV(L) IRV(L) 1. 3 1. 4 1. 3 1. 3 2. 1 2. 4 2. 4 2. 3 RV(L) 26. 4 29. 5 29. 1 28. 3 Breathing run 1. 6 1. 7 1. 7 1. 7 TV(L) 0. 6 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 Exercising Values ERV(L) IRV(L) 1. 8 1. 9 2 1. 9 1. 6 1. 6 1. 6 1. 6 RV(L) 1. 6 1. 6 1. 6 1. 6Subject1 Subject2 Subject3 Averages Comparison of Resting and Exercising Lung Volumes and Breathing Rate1. Did the respire rate increase, decrease, or not pitch with exercise? the breathing rate increased tremendously since the subject did exercise and run.2. Did the tidal volume increase, decrease, or not shift with exercise? The tidal volume increase subsequently(prenominal) exercising.3. Did the expiratory countenance volume increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? The expiratory reticence volume decrease with exercise.4. Did the inspiratory reserve volume increase, decrease, or not change with exercise?The inspiratory reserve volume dercrese as intimately after exercising.5. Did the inspiratory capacity increase, decrease, or not change with exerc ise? the inspiratory capacity increase serious a little bit with exercise.6. Did the functional symmetricalness capacity increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? the Functional residual capacity real decrease after exercising.7. Did the minute ventilation increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? of course the minute ventilation increase tremendously after exercising. Table 3 Lung Capacities and Minute internal respiration Breathing Rate 2. 6 2. 9 3 2. TV(L) 2. 9 3 2. 9 2. 9 Resting Values ERV(L) IRV(L) 3. 9 4. 3 4. 3 4. 2 5. 5 5. 9 5. 9 5. 8 RV(L) 3. 4 3. 6 3. 7 3. 6 Breathing Rate 2. 2 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3 TV(L) 4 4. 3 4. 4 4. 2 Exercising Values ERV(L) IRV(L) 5. 6 5. 9 6 5. 8 6. 2 5. 3 6. 7 6. 1 RV(L) 42. 2 50. 2 49. 5 47. 3Subject1 Subject2 Subject3 Averages Comparison of Resting and Exercising Lung Capacities and Minute Ventilation Discussion1. inform the change in ERV with exercise. the ERV decrease with exercise asssuming that the volume of job was exhaled m ore(prenominal) than(prenominal) than being enhaled at the time.2. Explain the change in IRV with exercise.IRV decreased as well because the amount of air that was supposed to be inhale was actually little inhalation during the time of exercising.3. Explain the change in IC with exercise. IC increase with exercise beacause the subjects were able to allow their lungs to breath.4. Explain the change in FRC with exercise. The FRC decrease just a little with exercise.5. Explain wherefore RV does not change with exercise. the ERV decrease with exercise asssuming that the volume of air was exhaled more than being enhaled at the time.6. Explain why VC does not change with exercise. he vital capacity remain the same because it accumulated the tidal volume, insipratory reserve volume and espiratory volume as well with exercise.7. Explain why TLC does not change with exercise. RTLC did not change as well because the the vitaln capacity did not change and so did the residual vloume residual volume as well remain the same so calculations did not change vewtween these three subjects.8. During exercise, the depth of respiration increases Name the muscles regard in change magnitude the depth of respiration and explain how muscle contraction causes this increase. he muscles involved in increasing the depth of respiration was the diaphragm, the lungs, the intercostal muscles, musles of insipration and expiration as well. Muscle contraction caused the increase becacause of the diaphragm.9. Explain the importance of the change in minute ventilation with exercise. the change in minute ventilation after exercising increase tremendouly because the TV and breating rate increse the minute ventilkation which increased more breaths needed date running to meet a higher deman for oxygen.10. reprize your predictions that were correct and give data from your experiment that support them.Restate your predictions that were not correct and correct them with supporting data from your exp eriment. Accoriding to my predictions I only check one that is wrong and that is that the ERV will increasw with exercise but after testing subjects and doing the experiment it has be confirmed that the ERV decrese, so my assumption was by furthest wrong. But as for my other predictions it came out to be true accord to the experiment, table and graphs, my assumptions was correct as for these subjects after exercising. Application Minute Ventilation will tend to increase for the simple fact it is the amount if ixygen godly by the body in a minute. ncreased by long endpoint exercise because over time it will adapt to bringing more oxygen to the lungs to work the muscles. 1. During strenuous exercise, TV plateaus at about 60% of VC but minute ventilation continues to increase. Explain how that would occur. an increase in residual volume, and assumming that the TLC does not change with a persom with developing emphysema will become short of breath after climibing a flight if stairs will result in the minute if ventilations being obtain while proceeding this type of exercise.

Minimum- Wage Jobs Are A Ticket To Nowhere

I disagree with the statement, and I think that minimum-wage jobs ar a good start for first-time employees and a way to obligate the prices cut out for products and services of immediate necessity and some employers might be pickings proceeds of people who need job but I do not believe this entirely their responsibility. I believe that every unitary has to start a minimum wage job in their teenage years. When we be issue we learn habits and behaviors.Minimum-wage jobs teach the habit of first responsibilities going to work on time, following directions, team work, respect for to a greater extent experienced coworkers and managers, those jobs teach the kinetics of the work place. Low-wage jobs take the student out of school and place him/her in their new environment where they depart spend the rest of their lives. And yes, the jobs are of crying nature and sometimes boring but there are more important lessons learned there. My first job was as a gross revenue person of eye sp ectacles at a Christmas fair.I was hired for one calendar month with no day off to sell glasses during the month of December for a small retailer. I was responsible for the eye glasses to be displayed and clean, and sell them. It was not easy because I had to wake up early, open the shop and my day finished at 8-9 pm when the strain closed. It was a very busy time of the year. It was a very wicked one month but there was nothing more material then the first pay check, then I knew I did a good job. There is no embarrassing job if you learn to do it with pride and respect.On the other hand minimum-wage jobs are needed for the economy to lapse the prices of products and services of immediate necessity. Lets unspoilt imagine how more than more would have to pay for a loaf of bread or a gallon of milk if the cashier was getting higher salary, or how much more the burger menu would cost in the closely regimen joint next door. At the end of the day there are jobs that require less experience and no college degree, thus less pay. It plant the same way as if we go in a division store and we stop by the jewelry department, well see different peal with different prices because they have different values.Regarding the statement that employers are taking advantage of employees, I do not think we have to put the condemn on the employers entirely this is why the government of each state take to revise the minimum-wage salaries on a regular basis so that they keep up with the changing dynamics of the economy. In todays fast changing world the job market is somewhat regulated. No employer will pay high salary for basic skills job and vise versa no job requiring exceptional skills and knowledge will be rewarded with minimum wage. In conclusion, low-paid jobs are learning point in our lives and necessity for the economy we just need to accept it.

Merchant of Venice and the Crucible Comparison

All communities run successfully with qualities of fairness and equality. The well- cosmos of the citizens depends on the support and guidance they flummox from those with exponent-out and influence in their society. When the tidy sum become corrupt and start having intentions that do not contribute dorsum to the community, the society lead f each(prenominal) a let on and be unable to book balance and stability. In William Shakespe bes The Merchant of Venice and Arthur Millers The crucible the reader enchants examples of evil inflicted on the victims within the plays through the people with cause within the community.The Christians in The Merchant of Venice mock usurer the Jew countless generation while the high judgeship in The Crucible believe citizens be pr executeicing witchcraft without a proper testimony. In both situations, the Christians and the tribunal feel themselves doing the right thing and believe they argon contributing to the society when in reality, they break apart the community by persecuting those that are different.The victims in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice and Arthur Millers The Crucible suffer from manginess as authority be placed in the premature hands leads to the constitution of prepossess stopping point, the limited isolated will of citizens and severe punishments. The limited free will of the victims within the societies due to the manipulative mannerisms of the Christians and court subjects them to unjustness. The way the Christians dis alike(p) Shylock makes him have limited free will in the Venetian community.Shylock is unable to interact with the Christians due to his reputation as a moneylender. Shylock is unable to choose his occupation and as a moneylender, his only bug of income is the interest he gains from it, resulting in the Christians hating him. This detriment forces him to be shunned from society and he ends up losing everything that he owns. The Jews only had moneylenders a s their occupation and this iniquity forces them to be unable to relate and communicate with society. I am as like to call thee dog again, / To spit on thee again, to purn thee too (1. 3. 126-127) demonstrates the abuse Shylock receives. His limitedness in his occupation highlights the miss of orientation in their community and the ask to force those that are different away. Solanio is sure the duke will never grant this sacrifice to hold (3. 3. 24-25) and as the play continues, Shylock faces a losing battle in which the index is evident in contributing to his destruction. He is faced with unfairness every time he meets a Christian and this is limiting him in his per physical bodyance in the community.Similarly, the court exerts limited free will on all citizens of capital of Oregon when they stay a devout Christian. All citizens ask to be part of the theocracy and if one strays away from it, they are reprimand of being affiliated with the pose. No crack in a fortress may b e accounted small (Miller 64) demonstrates the limited possibility of people in Salem to have another choice of religion. The force play of the court forces those that were not part of the theocratic government to be eliminated from society. These are all landholding farmers, members of the church theyve cognize the women many years and never saw no sign they had traffic with the Devil should be summoned (Miller 86-87) shows how those that wanted to prove the innocence of the accused are taken in to court to be questioned. Regardless of the many generation the citizens of Salem tries to tell the court about the absurdity of witchcraft, the court would not listen. John reminder goes twenty-six time in seventeen calendar month (Miller 61) and it was not enough, thus he is accused of trying to over take the government.The injustice causes many people to die without being at fault. The flaws in the legal sagacity of the government are evident end-to-end the play as the court ref uses to listen and uses its power to determine the rules of society on its own. Due to the injustice in the communities of Venice and Salem put by the power in the wrong hands, severe punishments are placed on the victims. The punishments determined by the Christians bushel Shylock severely and he ends up losing all that he has.The injustice Shylock receives is more than enough to prove his continuous suffering throughout the play. Antonio calls him misbeliever, cut-throat dog, (1. 3. 107), demonstrating the abusive treatment he receives as the Christians make fun of him and throw hateful words at him. Shylock has no one to deliver up for him, appearing alone in most scenes whereas the Christians always come in groups. This ganging up gives the Christians power over Shylock and when they use this power to hurt Shylock emotionally, the injustice and damage created is exponential.The court is already in favour to Antonio winning as shown by the Duke saying he thinks so too, / That Shylock but leadst this fashion of his malice to the last hour of act. (4. 1. 17-19) the power is unequal and this ruling forces Shylock to surrender and accept his defeat. It is unjust for this to kick the bucket as Shylock does not get a fair effort and ends up losing everything. Likewise, the court overuses its power and ends up killing the entire community. The power of the court enforces theocracy to a degree that results in the citizens being accused of not following them correctly and turning to witchcraft.John Proctor succumbs to saying he is associated with the devil and signs himself to lies (Miller 133) by confessing to an act he did not commit. The unequal treatment of the accused shows how the court enjoys abusing the abundance of power it has in its hands. The accused have no one to turn to and God sends his mercy on them (Miller 129) when they admit to witchcraft. The court takes pleasure in watching the citizens get accused and delved in the fact the power they o wned is essential in the sufferance of the citizens. It is this cruel act of the community that makes the entire community suffer.The punishments are apparent due to the cable between the victims and the authoritative power in the Christians and the court, ultimately affecting the general injustice within each society. When decisions are influenced and become biased, the opposite case of the party becomes affected. While one party might benefit and receive a positive bias, the reverse will happen for the other, resulting in the victims being wrongly accused. The choices the Christians make end up harming Shylock when he loses all of his wealth and property and is converted to a Christian.The biased decision causes injustice on Shylock as he is shunned and hated in the Venetian community. As Shylock begins his famous speech Hath not a Jew eyeball? (3. 1. 54) he demonstrates that he feels the same pains and joys that the Christians feel and should be toughened equally but the bi ased views the Christians have of him eliminates him from any form of consider he deserves. When Jessica robs him and leaves with a Christian Solanio, pretending to be Shylock, cries out My female child O my ducats O my daughter (2. 8. 15) in a mocking manner, creating a bias on Shylock in which readers are able to adjudge with.Shylock is portrayed as a cruel and revengeful character and as Solanio imitates him, no sympathy is felt for his loss. The Christians are only able to see Shylock as the Jew and do not relate any emotions to him. Similarly, the opinion of the court forces the whole town of Salem to follow suit. The young girls are able to gain power and with the help of the court, they are able to diminish those they dislike. Their innocence and sense of vulnerability enables the court to believe and support them. Abigails name is good in the village (Miller 12) makes her able to easily accuse those not in favour with the court.The court believes her and only hears her side of the story, fetching all that she says as the truth. Once Abigail accuses the citizens, their chance of redemption is next to none. Proctor stands up for himself, questioning why they never wonder if Parris be innocent, or Abigail? Is the accuser always holy now? (Miller 73). The biased opinion of the court make many innocent people wait to be proven guilty. The power of Abigail and her friends inflict injustice on the citizens they disliked, forcing many families to die in Salem.Their lack of consideration for others makes for a bias against the accused. The communities in which abused power is perplex as a result is torn apart, compelling the victims to suffer. The biased decision of the Christians and the court result in injustice in their society, playing a crucial role in splitting up the community. The formation of biased decisions, the limited free will, and severe punishments is a result of injustice in the communities when power is placed in the wrong hands in Sha kespeares The Merchant of Venice and Millers The Crucible.The biased decisions of the Christians and the court help them to form favoured decisions and prefer one group over another. The limited free will Shylock and the citizens receive result in the lack of choices they make in their daily lives. The severe punishments the victims in both texts receive cause the injustice in the community to grow as those with power abuse their ability and use it to harm those that did not need to be harmed. The injustice shows the need to fix problems in societies, teaching one that power used flop is essential for a community to function.

Dialogue “Modern Attitude to Love and Marriage” Essay

* Hi, Lucy Do you screw Johnny and I argon getting wed?* Oh, great I think its astir(predicate) time. You direct been nourishment in concert forfor?? * For 6 years.* Yes, for 6 years already. Im so prosperous for you, Sarah* And Im so cheerful for myself too* And are you going to go through a gorgeous nuptials ceremony?* No, Johnny and I are going to register our marriage ceremony at the Registry Office. No wedding ceremony, no veil and no bridesmaids.* I got it. but how could you force Johnny to marry you? I know he is supporter of relinquish love. * Yes, but as youve said to begin with we declare been living for 6 years already. He is used to my wishes and Im used to his habits. And after all he has steadied down. * It govern handst agency that hes not such philanderer as before, isnt he? * Im not authoritative but I hope.* Well, he is from the 90s generation. And I think its the reason for all problems. * further the same I rump say about you and about me. We b reak down to this generation too. * Yes, but you know that men are more flippant in relations than women. Moreover, they are more inclined to be unfaithful. And public lecture about the 90s generationwell, I reckon its the most unrighteous and dissolute generation. * Partly youre right. Fidelity means nothing nowadays. But at the same time you have more e servicemancipation. For example, sex doesnt necessarily involve marriage. * You do see it, its better for men again. You know the majority of men dont need the married couple at all they are completely content to be free and to have sex with anybody. But women are more serious in relations, thats why all of them still indigence to be married by thirty years.* Yes, youre right of course. But anyway on that point were some advantages as a result of the sexual revolution. For example you can have sex before marriage I think its a great freedom for everybody. * Well, its indisputable. As for me, so Im quite old-fashioned person. You know I want absolute faithfulness in my relationship. Its very important for me when my partner and I can talk with each early(a), and its even insulting when my companion fools around with anybody else. * I see. But I dont touch your point of view. Im authoritative its necessarily to feed some freedom to your husband. You stake your partner by limiting his freedom so strictly. Loving a person means allowing him to be himself.* by chance youre right. In any case I consider that a steady relationship is based on trust, under al-Qaedaing and faithfulness. * Well, I wint make you change your mind. But if you, suspicious of your husband unfaithfulness, lionize complaining, weeping and nagging, I can assure you your spouse testament establish adultery with more probability. * Im with you here. promptly I want to ask you about your future life with Johnnie. Have you decided already where you would live? * Dont you know that he has his own flat tire?* Really? Its aweso me * Yes, he is a very independent, self-made man. Im so proud of him * Yes, juvenile people stand on their two feet earlier today than they did in the past. I recollect thats great. * Thats where youre right I reckon that young people should think about marriage unless after they have become independent of their parents. * As for women, so Im sure they have to complete their education, build labor force skills and develop calling interests before getting married. * Too true. Actually its normal for the moderne world, especially for urbanized countries that people postpone marriage in ready to build a career and make a fortune.* Unfortunately, thither is the former(a) side of the coin. These career interests may, in turn, motivate women to limit family size. Thats why we have such a low birth rate in all developed countries. * Oh, I agree entirely. Its too bad. Oh, I cant help businessing about our living together * Calm down and dont talk nonsense. You have been living f or 6 years and now youre worrying * Yes, but it wasnt a wedlock, but only a cohabitation. * Dont worry I think people should get know each other well before getting married. And I believe your marriage entrust be successful and strong. * So do I. But anyway Im afraid that all these mere formalities and papers will spoil our relations.* If you authentically love each other then there is nothing to worry about. Sarah, when are you going to have a shaver? Have you discussed already this question with Johnnie? * Oh, Im so happy that I have Johnnie He is just an ideal man. Besides, he adores kids. He wants to have a big family. Can you imagine he wants to have four children, two girls and two boys * And what about you? You know childbearing spoils a figure. Do you want to put on weight and have cellulite?* Oh, I think its very silly to think about such trifles of life. You have only one life and Im sure you should devote your life to children. Ive had enough time for living it up. Now Im almost 27 and I want to cash in ones chips all my love to my children and my husband. * I see. Its such a sensible decision. But as for me, so I wouldnt want to have so many kids. It will be enough to have only two children. But also Id like to contract an orphan child. * Really? Its very brave of you.* Yes, I really want to love and raise a child, which was deprived of motherly love. And whats your parents attitude to your forthcoming marriage. * You know my mom considers immoral to live with the man under the same roof if hes not your husband. And my vex is the opponent of the common-law marriage. * So they must be really blithe with this news.

Supplier and Partnering Processes Essay

For many businesses, goods and services provided by suppliers or partners distinguish for a profound portion of the cost and value of the final product. Suppliers allow not only companies that provide materials and components, just now also distributors, transportation companies, and information, healthc ar, and preparation providers. Key suppliers might provide unique design, technology, integration, or marketing capabilities that ar not available within the business, and therefore ignore be decisive to achieving such(prenominal) strategic objectives as lower costs, faster time-to-market, and make betterd spirit. organizational partners might include educational institutions that collaborate on research and training. (Conversely, a political party might be viewed as a partner for an educational institution.) Increasingly, suppliers ar viewed as partners with customers, because there usually is a co-dependent relationship. A right on example of supplier partnerships is th e response that occurred when a fire destroyed the main(prenominal) source of a crucial $5 brake valve for Toyota.1 Without it, Toyota had to shut conquer its 20 plants in Japan. Within hours of the disaster, other suppliers began taking blueprints, improvising tooling systems, and setting up checkshift production lines. Within days, the 36 suppliers, aided by to a greater extent than 150 other subcontractors, had almost 50 production lines making smooth batches of the valve. Even a sewing-machine company that had never made car part spent 500 person-hours refitting a milling machine to make erect 40 valves a day. Toyota promised the suppliers a bonus of about $100 one thousand thousand as a token of our appreciation.Strong customer/supplier relationships ar found on three guiding principles 1.Recognizing the strategic importance of suppliers in accomplishing business objectives, particularly minimizing the total cost of ownership, 2.Developing win-win relationships through long-term partnerships quite a than as adversaries, and 3.Establishing trust through openness and honesty, thus leading to uncouth advantages. One example of these principles is the Baldwin Piano & Organ Company, which set up a 10- class agreement with Southland Marketing Inc. for piano plates to get higher quality, more than consistent supply, and lower cost.2 Baldwin helped finance the purchase of the equipment needed to polish off the plates.The contract is expected to save Baldwin 10 percent a year on its plate costs. Successful suppliers have a culture where employees and managers manage in customers goals, commitments, and risks to promote such long-term relationships (recall one of Demings 14 Points about supplier relationshipsnot purchasing solely on the backside of price). In many companies, suppliers are treated as if they were actually a part of the organization. For example, functions such as cafeteria service, mailroom operations, and information litigate ing are organism performed by suppliers at their customers facilities. As more and more of this symbol of outsourcing is done, the lines between the customer and the supplier become increasingly blurred.Many companies segment suppliers into categories based on their importance to the business and manage them accordingly. For example, at Corning, Level 1 suppliers, who provide raw materials, cases, and hardware, are deemed critical to business success and are managed by teams that include representatives from engineering, materials control, purchasing, and the supplier company. Level 2 suppliers provide enduringness materials, equipment, and services, and are managed by internal customers. Level 3 suppliers provide good items and are centrally managed by purchasing.3 Measurement plays an important role in supplier precaution. Texas Instruments measures suppliers quality performance by parts per million defective, pct of on-time deliveries, and cost of ownership.4 An electronic req uisitioning system permits a paperless procurement process.More than 800 suppliers are linked to Texas Instruments through an information exchange system. Integrated data systems chase the incoming quality and timeliness of deliveries as materials are current. Analytical reports and on-line(a) data are used to identify material defect trends. mathematical process reports are sent each month to key suppliers. Joint customer-supplier teams are formed to communicate and improve performance. A supplier charge assign force of top managers directs current and strategic approaches to improving supplier focusing practices.Finally, communication, feedback, and recognition or awards are important practices in supplier and partnering processes. For instance, the fastening Supply Corporation, which distributes fasteners, electronic hardware, and other products to over 300 customers makes frequent run acrossing with its 250 suppliers, invites them to company functions and shares such in formation as customers forecasted requirements.5 Feedback should provide timely and actionable information to suppliers to lead to onward motion and ensure that suppliers meet the organizations performance requirements. At Fastener, any potential performance problems are brought to upkeep with prompt notice and immediate feedback. An annual award dinner recognizes peachy suppliers for quality and continuous profit.Many companies such as Bethlehem Steel, Miller Brewing, and Honda, make a point of delivering supplier awards not only to upper management at a fancy banquet, but also to the workers on the computer storage floor. Its one thing for the boss to asseverate that quality is important, but another thing entirely for the customer to come out and say it, says Jerry Schiedt, corporate purchasing director for Miller Brewing Company in Milwaukee. When we actually visit a plant to present an award to the kinfolk who made the award possible, then we build a relationship with th e company and the folks on the floor who do the work to ensure the quality of the products we buy.6Supplier CertificationMany companies use some type of supplier attestation systems as the focal point of their supplier management system. These systems rate and certify suppliers who provide quality materials in a efficient and timely manner. For example, the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association defines a certified supplier as one that, after extensive investigation, is found to supply material of such quality that routine testing on each lot received is unnecessary. Certification provides recognition for high-quality suppliers, which motivates them to improve continuously and attract more business.The details of supplier certification processes vary by company. For instance, Florida Power and Light has a three-tier certification program.7 Vendors (another term for suppliers) can be certified as a Quality Vendor, Certified Vendor, and Excellent Vendor. To become a Quality Vendo r, a suppliers products or services must meet staple fiber requirements of quality, cost, delivery, and safety. In addition, the supplier must have a quality improvement process in place and be able to demonstrate that this has hitd significant improvements. It must also have an size up system to certify the process and the results. To become a Certified Vendor, the supplier must have demonstrate the use of statistical process control and prove that its processes can meet FPLs specification requirements. It must also be able to entry capableness and have a plan for continuous quality improvement. To achieve Excellent Vendor status, suppliers must demonstrate the ability to exceed FPLs specification requirements, employ reliability assurance techniques, and show that quality improvement is a central part of their management system.At the Gillette Company, the supplier certification program begins with Gillette identifying those suppliers with a proven ability to meet its sp ecifications.8 Once a supplier is selected to participate, Gillette expects them to establish a pre-production planning system to assess the capability of their process to meet Gillettes specifications. Feedback is offered in the form of recommended changes that will improve quality, reduce cost, or facilitate ease of manufacture.Supplier certification programs can be time-consuming and expensive to administer. One approach to avoiding unnecessary audit costs and helping to assure buyers that specified practices are being followed is to make water a uniform set of standardsan independent and transportable supplier capability system, such as ISO 9000.