Biological Effects on Hunger and Satiation

There Is a theory called duel control theory that assumes that the feeling of hunger and satiation atomic number 18 controlled by twain separate of the hypothalamus the lateral hypothalamus and the venturesome hypothalamus. It is state that the venturesome hypothalamus Is triggered by an Increase In the glucose levels during eating, It then gives show up the feeling of satiation (fullness) make a soul to stop eating. Whereas the decline In glucose level triggers the lateral hypothalamus which then gives out the feeling of hunger making the Individual want to eat.This theory Is endorse by a take aim conducted by decrease and ransom (1942) who prime that after creating lesions (damage) In a rats VIM they found that the rate sire obese and overate, thus showing the rat sots its feeling of satiety and had no h emerituss on how much to eat. Another study done by And and skint (1 951 ) showed that when the LA in rats was damaged or had a lesion it led to the bolshie of eating in the rat. The problem with these studies is that they are conducted on rats which begs the question are whether you can extrapolate the findings and commonplaceist them on humans.Although they are found to adopt a similar gene structure to humans, we are still two very different species and humans are a far more complex organism, with mood, feelings etc. Also both the studies are very old which questions there reliability, with far less knowledge about the brain in 1950 the study could wee-wee been effected by other factors for example causing lesions in the VIM tends to also damage the parenthetical nucleus which is some other area of the hypothalamus.Withering & Ransom did not take this into account which has effectively fuck offd a loss in the reliability of their study. Not only this but aureate (1973) found that lesions in the VIM alone did not cause hyperplasia and stated that t is likely that damage done to the parenthetical nuclease ( the area were Withering and ran som caused damage) helps to cause hyperplasia, but there is one problem with capital study and its that it has never been replicated and research has been found that shows that lesions in the Vim does cause overeating.The duel control theory is a very reductionism theory as it assumes that the sole control of eating and feelings of hunger and satiety are biological and does not take Into inconsideration environmental and emotional factors on wherefore people have such eating characteristics. It is also quite predestinarian In the way that it opines the all control Is biological meaning we individually have no control In It and that Is Is programmed and that we have no say In the matter, which Is seen In everyday life to be Incorrect as you see people going through life changes whos eating characteristics all change.Another theory Is that gherkin (a hormone given off by the stomach) triggers he hypothalamus to call forth the sensation of hunger. Cummings (et al) did a studios 6 participants and monitored there gherkin levels during after and sooner eating throughout the day. She found that peoples gherkin levels fell straight after uprise and peaked at the feeling of hunger. She concluded that gherkin levels directly affected the level of hunger a person was feeling and reflected the emptiness of their stomach. The study was super flawed as it had a lot of methodological issues.Firstly he study was carried out on 6 male participants meaning we cannot extrapolate the findings to the general public and only to men. Another problem is that it is a very bionic environment which could of effected the participants behavior and caused nervousness or anxiety which could have effected results as they were being monitored. Lastly the study is a correlational statistics one meaning we can conclude cause and effect. However this report does coincide and supports findings from previous research on gherkin.