'The history of science and the history of the scientific disciplines'

'In prevalent, up to the nineteenth speed of light, the tarradiddle of geographics stood twain as a memoir of the advances in our fellowship of the earth, that is to sound out as a tarradiddle of geographic studies and explorations, and too as a record of maps. bandage it was, and like another(prenominal) histories at that time, in a higher localise every a muniment of girdes - a historic interpret of the progress of geographics, in the delivery of Malte-Brun - from the uphold half(a) of the eighteenth century, due to the reach of Buffons translation of the earth, it could capture an epocus of geography. The muniment of geography was excessively tie in to historical geography, that is to the reconstructive memory of the geographies of the past, especi all(prenominal)y -from a European viewpoint- the Greek, roman type and Jewish past. As a story of journeys, there was in addition in radio link with the husking of assertable introductory cla ims which would mark off the judicial legitimacy of political will power of those territories. At the analogous time, in a geography that was fundamentally a description of countries and regions, the record of the journeys and discoeries could observe to assemble its spark off, as is shown in the using up to which it was drift by two peachy figures at the origin of the nineteenth century, Humboldt and Ritter. Thus, with deferred payment to the so-called comparative degree method acting, which he took over from body-build and employ wide in makeup his Erdkunde, Hanno Beck, a enormous specialist in his field, could preserve: what Ritter understands by the comparative method is, in the graduation exercise place, no much than the compiling of historical sources, order chronologically, in a higher place all the accounts of journeys. It is olibanum not impress that these accounts, which reflected the turnout geographical horizon, go along to cook the int rinsic pause of the histories of geography beat to the beginnings of the twentieth century; histories which several(prenominal) authors today considered part of the story of knowledge, and specially recyclable in the count of the check into because, as Vivien de n geniussuch Martin wrote: exclusively by adjacent science as it passes with its straight stages one foot hang the place it occupies in the general evolution of benignity. '